This historical analysis will define the influence of the French mandate in the development of socialism in Syria through European education and development of the League of Nationalist Action (LNA) and the Ba’ath Party in the nationalist movements of the 1930s and 1940s. The rise of socialism in Syria was primarily organized by young men that sought a modern nationalist platform through the LNA in the 1930s. The fervent nationalism against the French mandate provided a conceptualization of Syria as a socialist nation through the impact of European ideology of socialist and communist movements. The Ba’ath Party of the 1940s established the roots of Syrian socialism under the leadership of men that were trained in French universities in Paris.
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After the fall of Faisal I in 1920, the French colonized the region through military force. The formation of the Syrian National Congress was conducted by French colonial control, which led to the fierce military resistance of Sultan al-Atrash to reunite the French states that were created in order to control political resistance. Al-Atrash was a major figure in the nationalist movement to take back Syria from the French, but he had failed to win military victories against the modern French armies. During the French Mandate it was obvious that the political, social, and economic rights of the Syrians were severely oppressed during the French occupation. More so, the instance that French culture was more “civilized’ than Syrian culture not only opened the door for European ideologies, such as socialism, but it encouraged Syrians to form their own nationalist movements:
The Syrian nationalist response to French claims of civlisational superiority was marked by an appeal, whether implicit or explicit, to a universal set of criteria by which those claims could be judged and found …show more content…
In this mode, the rise of the League of Nationalist Action provided a background for the rise of socialism and Islamic governance to be implemented as a way to preserve local political infrastructures, but with the European ideology of socialism to mange these affairs in a national government freed from French occupation. Not only were Syrians implying that a pan-Arabic nationalism should be defined, but that it should be defined through modern political and economic ideologies that had been founded in the Marxist tradition. Therefore, a blend of European styled socialism/communism was imported through the French colonial government, which, ironically enough, provided the modern tools of politicking that Syrian nationalist could utilize to resist the French
After the fall of Faisal I in 1920, the French colonized the region through military force. The formation of the Syrian National Congress was conducted by French colonial control, which led to the fierce military resistance of Sultan al-Atrash to reunite the French states that were created in order to control political resistance. Al-Atrash was a major figure in the nationalist movement to take back Syria from the French, but he had failed to win military victories against the modern French armies. During the French Mandate it was obvious that the political, social, and economic rights of the Syrians were severely oppressed during the French occupation. More so, the instance that French culture was more “civilized’ than Syrian culture not only opened the door for European ideologies, such as socialism, but it encouraged Syrians to form their own nationalist movements:
The Syrian nationalist response to French claims of civlisational superiority was marked by an appeal, whether implicit or explicit, to a universal set of criteria by which those claims could be judged and found …show more content…
In this mode, the rise of the League of Nationalist Action provided a background for the rise of socialism and Islamic governance to be implemented as a way to preserve local political infrastructures, but with the European ideology of socialism to mange these affairs in a national government freed from French occupation. Not only were Syrians implying that a pan-Arabic nationalism should be defined, but that it should be defined through modern political and economic ideologies that had been founded in the Marxist tradition. Therefore, a blend of European styled socialism/communism was imported through the French colonial government, which, ironically enough, provided the modern tools of politicking that Syrian nationalist could utilize to resist the French