In every human body, there are basic structural units for every organism called cells. In every cell, there is a nucleus, which contains genetic information that is stored in genes. Genes carry the data needed for our inherited traits, and are grouped by chromosomes. Everyone has 46 chromosomes, 23 from the mother, and 23 from the father. In 1 in about 700 babies born, there is a congenital disorder that creates an extra portion or copy of the 21st chromosome. This disorder is called Down syndrome. It is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition. People who are born with Down syndrome usually have a flat face ,Protruding tongue, Upward slanting eyes, Unusually shaped or small ears, Poor muscle tone, Broad, short hands with a single
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Recognized in 1886, the report made Down the “Father of the syndrome”. People may have pointed out the characteristics of it, but it was Down that figured it was an entire condition of its own. As history advanced, scientists went into deeper research of this condition. And in the 1950’s, it was recognized as a chromosomal condition. It was Jérôme Lejeune that found 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Down syndrome is not hard to diagnose, doctors realize physical characteristics of those with Down syndrome in the delivery room, or they perform tests. Down syndrome is diagnosed by 2 different tests before a baby is born. Screening tests and Diagnostic tests. Screens determine if the fetus in the womb has a probability of having Down syndrome or not. On the other hand, Diagnostic tests will give you a concrete diagnosis. Nowadays, there are multiple methods of taking a screening test for women. Most of them involve a blood test, usually performed in conjunction with a sonogram to check for signs that might associate with Down syndrome. If the mother doesn 't get a test, it is identified at birth by physical traits, like low muscle tone a deep crease across the palm of the hand, a flat face, and a slant to their eye placement. These features can be present in babies without Down syndrome, so doctors perform an analysis called a karyotype, where they take blood from the baby to sample its cells. They take a picture of the chromosomes and group them by size, number, and shape. By examining the karyotype, the doctors can determine Down
Recognized in 1886, the report made Down the “Father of the syndrome”. People may have pointed out the characteristics of it, but it was Down that figured it was an entire condition of its own. As history advanced, scientists went into deeper research of this condition. And in the 1950’s, it was recognized as a chromosomal condition. It was Jérôme Lejeune that found 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Down syndrome is not hard to diagnose, doctors realize physical characteristics of those with Down syndrome in the delivery room, or they perform tests. Down syndrome is diagnosed by 2 different tests before a baby is born. Screening tests and Diagnostic tests. Screens determine if the fetus in the womb has a probability of having Down syndrome or not. On the other hand, Diagnostic tests will give you a concrete diagnosis. Nowadays, there are multiple methods of taking a screening test for women. Most of them involve a blood test, usually performed in conjunction with a sonogram to check for signs that might associate with Down syndrome. If the mother doesn 't get a test, it is identified at birth by physical traits, like low muscle tone a deep crease across the palm of the hand, a flat face, and a slant to their eye placement. These features can be present in babies without Down syndrome, so doctors perform an analysis called a karyotype, where they take blood from the baby to sample its cells. They take a picture of the chromosomes and group them by size, number, and shape. By examining the karyotype, the doctors can determine Down