Typically EVA is most often associated with equines, but has been confirmed in other species such as; llamas, alpacas, and donkeys. EVA is a disease of the respiratory system that affects equines at any age. This virus is usually transmitted during breeding, but can also be transmitted by aerosol, venereal, congenital routes or indirect contact from fomites. In addition, stallions can be carriers of EVA and will continue to shed the virus in their semen. EVA is not a zoonotic or reportable disease. Clinical signs of EVA may often be difficult to detect due to the fact that in many cases the host is asymptomatic. When symptoms are noticeable, the following may be observed: fever, leukopenia, depression, anorexia, limb edema, and edema of
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Before confirming a diagnosis you will want to rule out the following: Equine influenza, equine herpesvirus 1 and 4–related diseases, equine rhinitis A and B viruses, or equine adenoviruses. Testing for equine viral arteritis can be achieved by virus isolation, detection of nucleic acid, observation of viral antigen, or demonstration of recent humoral antibody response by testing paired Sera collection 3-4 weeks apart. Stallions can be identified as carriers by isolating the virus from the semen, due to the fact that EVA is not present in respiratory secretions, blood or urine of the …show more content…
In this case 5-10 mls from at minimum two ejaculates of the sperm-rich fraction of semen must be submitted for evaluation. With frozen semen you will need at least two straws per ejaculate. The expected turnaround time for EAV isolation testing is 10–14 days.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for EVA only supportive care such as bandages and NSAIDs for pain and inflammation. Most equines recover completely after suffering from this disease. In severe cases the only care that can be given is symptomatic treatment which would include administration of medications such as antipyretics, antinflammatories, and diuretics.
Prevention and control consists of annual vaccines, and identifying infected stallions and taking measures to eliminating direct or indirect contact with their secretions, excretions, or tissues of infected horses. Other precautions that should be taken to prevent EVA are; isolating new arrivals for 3-4 weeks and testing blood samples from all horses before breeding. It may also be beneficial to preform virus isolation on any imported semen before
Before confirming a diagnosis you will want to rule out the following: Equine influenza, equine herpesvirus 1 and 4–related diseases, equine rhinitis A and B viruses, or equine adenoviruses. Testing for equine viral arteritis can be achieved by virus isolation, detection of nucleic acid, observation of viral antigen, or demonstration of recent humoral antibody response by testing paired Sera collection 3-4 weeks apart. Stallions can be identified as carriers by isolating the virus from the semen, due to the fact that EVA is not present in respiratory secretions, blood or urine of the …show more content…
In this case 5-10 mls from at minimum two ejaculates of the sperm-rich fraction of semen must be submitted for evaluation. With frozen semen you will need at least two straws per ejaculate. The expected turnaround time for EAV isolation testing is 10–14 days.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for EVA only supportive care such as bandages and NSAIDs for pain and inflammation. Most equines recover completely after suffering from this disease. In severe cases the only care that can be given is symptomatic treatment which would include administration of medications such as antipyretics, antinflammatories, and diuretics.
Prevention and control consists of annual vaccines, and identifying infected stallions and taking measures to eliminating direct or indirect contact with their secretions, excretions, or tissues of infected horses. Other precautions that should be taken to prevent EVA are; isolating new arrivals for 3-4 weeks and testing blood samples from all horses before breeding. It may also be beneficial to preform virus isolation on any imported semen before