segment, explicitly distinguish turnover as a dependent variable to be clarified. Quite a bit of this paper
is predicated on an arrangement of presumptions and convictions among researchers and managers that employee
turnover unfavorably impacts effectiveness and efficiency in organizations For instance, effectiveness, or the
accomplishment of organizational strategic objectives, may be impeded when turnover decreases job performance and
nature with standard operating techniques. Essentially productivity, the ratio of outputs to
inputs, is thought to decrease under states of high turnover as costs of selecting and preparing
new employees