Manage care organizations (MCOs) are types of health insurance that involve the creation of provider networks as well as prevention benefits, utilization review for medical necessity and standards of care, and often care management (Kongstvedt, 2013; Medline Plus, 2014). The beginnings of managed care in the United States reaches back to the early twentieth century and continue to thrive, but managed care has not been born from a single force or entity but from many sources seeking differing goals (Rodwin, 2010). Managed care has been influenced by physicians, hospitals, employers, government and patients seeking such differing ends as ensuring streams of income, attracting and retaining employees, providing access to care for vulnerable populations, controlling costs, and providing patients protection and choice (Kongstvedt, 2013; Rodwin, 2010).
