The Kubler-Ross Theory

Improved Essays
Often times, people feel uncomfortable talking to and interacting with a person who is dying. This is at least partly because we have no way to understand their perspective, and what they are experiencing mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.
In 1969 Elizabeth Kubler-Ross wrote On Death and Dying. Research and interviews began in 1965 and encountered problems because (1) There is no real way to study the psychological aspects of dying and (2) Patients were often willing to talk but it was hard to convince the doctors.The stages of the Kubler-Ross theory include denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.These can be described in detail as-
1. Denial- Used by almost all patients in some form. It is a usually temporary shock response
…show more content…
Acceptance: This is not a "happy" stage, it is usually void of feelings. It takes a while to reach this stage and a person who fights until the end will not reach it. It consists of basically giving up and realizing that death is inevitable.
Criticisms of Kubler-Ross
There exists no real evidence that stages are present in coping with death: Kastenbaum offers this as his first criticism of the stage theory. Using the term "stages" implies a set order of set conditions. He asserts that there is no evidence that dying people go through the exact Kubler-Ross stages in their proper order. Any patient could experience the stages in a different order, or could experience emotions not even mentioned in the Kubler-Ross stages.
More specifically, there is no evidence that people coping with their impending death move through all of stages one through five: Kastenbaum explains that in her research Kubler-Ross showed that various patients exhibited qualities from the five different stages, but no one patient demonstrated all five stages in order. Knowing this, any emotional experience during the dying process of a person could be considered a
…show more content…
Had Kubler-Ross done this, her theory would be more valid. Suggestions for other methods of research are behavioral studies and personal diaries kept by patients. This might make up for some of the flaws of the interview process. Some flaws are the fact that the information gathered by the interviewer may vary depending on the relationship between the researcher and the patient. Also, what a patient feels and what a patients reveals in an interview may be two different

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    He is going through these stages because he finds out that his younger brother, Jeffery, is diagnosed with a malignant sickness, cancer. Elisabeth Kubler Ross identified these five stages of grief in her book Death and Dying in 1969.The five stages he goes through are denial, bargaining, anger, depression, and acceptance. Steven’s first stage of grief was denial. Denial is the action to be claiming something is false or untrue.…

    • 1008 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    He went through the stages of denial, anger, bargaining, depression, before finally accepting the fact that his son is with the heavenly angels. Wolterstorff Reflection in Relation to Kubler-Ross’s Five Stages of Grief Oh death where is thy sting.…

    • 1145 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tuesday’s with Morrie is a movie about a professor named Morrie who has ALS, or Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mitch, one of Morrie’s former favorite students, reconnects with Morrie and records Morrie’s “Last Teachings of Life”. Mitch has a standing schedule to see Morrie on Tuesday during Morrie’s “office hours”. Throughout the movie, Morrie tells Mitch life lessons that help change the way Mitch thinks about some things. Psychosocial Development explains that in the last stage of life individuals are confronted with ego integrity versus despair (Hooyman & Kiyak, 2011).…

    • 684 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Final Gift Analysis

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Death is often a hard thing to understand and very emotional for everyone who is affected by it. More times than not it is hard to react in the proper way when someone else is dealing with a death. The book “Final Gifts: Understanding the Special Awareness, Needs and Communication of the Dying” by Maggie Callan and Patricia Kelley is all about Hospice care nurses. They tell many stories about their dying patients and their families reactions to the death process. Most of the stories show how to better listen to someone who is dying, how to react to certain situations not just initially react but truly analyze the situation, how to make both the dying and the people around them that more comfortable and also they showed the steps of grieving.…

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The 5 Stages of Grief are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Steven has shown signs of all of them throughout the novel. One of the stages that Steven goes through is the denial stage. One example of the denial stage is when Steven wants to believe that the emergency…

    • 1026 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    What make us human, are we more than just biological machines? Despite the fact that we’ve developed the complexity to think, decide and create, we are still prone to having many animalistic characteristics, the most prominent being our desire to live. Although death has been around since the beginning of existence it is interesting how we haven’t overcome its phycological and emotional affect on one another. In the essays On the fear of death by Kubler Ross and Behind the Formaldehyde Curtain by Jessica Mitford both writers share their attitudes towards the acceptance and denial of death. Their influences are based on recent advancements of medicine and technology.…

    • 1099 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    1. Ken Moses and Elizabeth Kubler- Ross both agreed on denial having some sort of purpose in the grieving process. Denial in our society is often looked as a negative emotion, but in my opinion I think this a normal reaction. In which someone has to go through denial to reach the other stages in the grieving process. Unlike Dr. Ross, Moses believed that denial is present through all the steps of his theory of the grieving process.…

    • 1492 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Tim was terrified by the thought of death when he first discovered his Leukemia. I asked Tim if he discussed this fear with his loved ones. He replied, “I had a Ph.D. in denial at the time, I was not willing to say out loud that I could be dying.” Tim did not start truly exploring what death meant to him until after the drug had been approved and he was feeling somewhat back to normal. Once death was no longer imminent, Tim recalled he had a distinct desire to leave something tangible behind for his children.…

    • 1470 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Death has never been a subject that is easily discussed, or even easily accepted. However, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss, sociologists were able to perform research that would allow them to look a little deeper into the interactions between those who may be dying and their loved ones. The two sociologists developed an idea called, Awareness Context and defined it as, “what each interacting person knows of the patient's defined status, along with his recognition of the others’ awareness of his own definition … awareness context … is the context within which these people interact while taking cognizance of it” (Timmermans, 2007). In 1965, Glaser and Strauss went to many hospitals in the San Francisco Bay area to assess those patients who were…

    • 1173 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    They wrote that these patients show lower levels of hope in comparison to well individuals. Some patients in this situation feel distress and guilt since they get to live while another person died or scared for the reason that this may be the first time they have considered their mortality. Building relationships for intervention with coping strategies is said to be helpful to these patients. An optimistic attitude has been associated with improved health in…

    • 793 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Coping with grief is an entirely individual and signal experience. It is different for everyone, and cannot be entirely defined in five steps. However, the standard and general five stages of grief are usually depicted as denial, isolation, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.…

    • 1221 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    End Of Life Interventions

    • 1031 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Past and relevant research has given researchers the ability to measure attitudes regarding end-of-life interventions for the terminally ill, associations between end-of-life interventions and quality of life, as well as characteristics that favor or do not favor such interventions. Some studies indicate that age and relationship to the terminally ill patient are associated with specific attitudes within interventions. A common attitude among all populations is to choose a method that avoids suffering. Due to the ethical and moral issues pertaining to end-of-life interventions and its association to quality of life, researchers chose to administer questionnaires with open-ended sections.…

    • 1031 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Eventually death will come to us all, but death itself is still unknown to every living person. No one has ever died and returned to give a clear account about what death is really like. It is said that it is man’s nature to fear what they do not understand and cannot control. We can never know precisely what death is unless we die, therefore we can never understand it while living. When looking at the sociological approach towards death we come across ‘death-denying’.…

    • 1022 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Another result found within the research was the patient’s ability to retell their near-death experience exactly through all eight years of interviews. This ability certainly showed that near-death experiences were life changing. In conclusion, psychologists found no real influences on near-death experiences. There was no correlation between experience and medical factors, seriousness of crisis, medication, or psychological factors.…

    • 706 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Introducing Death Process

    • 2420 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Introducing Death Did you know that death was a process? There are three types of death such as clinical, brain, and social death. Clinical death is described as when the heart and breathing stops, but the person can still be resuscitated. An example would be anyone who was close to death or near death and was resuscitated back to life.…

    • 2420 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Superior Essays