The Pneumonic Plague: The Black Death

Improved Essays
The Black Plague, also known as the Black Death, was declared as the “Greatest Catastrophe ever” (Benedictow). This disease swept over all of Europe and wiped out about one third of the population. This disease and its affects have been one of the biggest in history. The plague spread rapidly as it could be transmitted from person to person. The disease forever changed Europe’s history and population. The Black Death had huge effects on Europe based on how it spread, what the disease entailed, and its after-effects. Before the Black Plague even began there were other factors that contributed to the decline in population. In 1000-1300 AD the European population had outrageously doubled leaving the food production industry crashing. They …show more content…
The sick were treated as, “the enemy to avoid at all costs… People went as far as to abandon their own brothers, sisters, spouses, and even children if it meant a chance for survival” (Dunn 38). This disease created a serious divide in all of Europe. The mentality was truly every man for himself. The Black Plague’s symptoms and affect on people was horrific. There were multiple different strains of the plague: one the Bubonic strain, which was not as deadly and contagious. The second strain is the pneumonic strain; this strain heavily affected the person’s lungs causing them to spread the disease whenever they exhaled. There was also a lengthy list of other symptoms, “Chroniclers of the day listed the various symptoms of the illness such as difficulty breathing, spitting up blood, and the appearance of boils and dark patches on the skin. Oftentimes, the plague was accompanied with encephalitis or inflammation of the brain” (McGill). Some victims died in as soon as a few hours after contracting these symptoms, and others only survived six-seven days. The bubonic plague also attacked the lymphatic system and gave symptoms such as: fever, headache, chills, weakness, and swollen …show more content…
The pneumonic strain included chest pain, shortness of breath, and blood and or watery mucus. Unfortunately there was not a lot that doctors could do. Due to how airborne the disease was it was hard for those to be treated as they would spread it to whoever was treating them. Most cases led to death within just a few days. Other cases lasted longer but not much longer than a few weeks before the victims died. The Plague’s after effects were almost as disastrous as the disease itself. It brought division, abandonment, and loss of many lives. Families were separated into those who were sick and those who were not. People that were not sick would often leave town to get away from the diseased and go to uninfected towns. Many people and even children were abandoned as there was no saving those who were sick. People that were sick did not have anyone to take care of them or even to bury them when they were dead. Those who contracted the disease, or believed they were going to, often truly lived their days as their last. “Because people knew that they would not live long, they were more apt to spend money and purchase luxury items” (McGill). A lot of people wanted to let loose before

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Black Death Facts

    • 1288 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Black Death or Bubonic Plague completely devastated millions of human lives during the two horrendous years it was prevalent in England. Roughly 50% of England’s population was eradicated due to the septicity. This great upsurge in bereavements brought many changes through the period 1348 to 1350. Aside from the social and economic calamity that was brought about by the plague, the biological aspects are equally frightening. ("41 Interesting Facts...")…

    • 1288 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The most common, bubonic, had an 80% mortality rate. After feeding on an infected host, virulently replicating Yersinia pestis blocked a flea’s intestines. And when the flea bit a human, it regurgitated diseased blood into the wound. Bubonic Plague gave victims high fevers, chills, muscle aches, and extreme fatigue (Boccaccio). Swollen lymph nodes, called “buboes” or “gavocciolos”, signaled infection and imminent death and within hours, they would blacken and burst, dripping pus and blood. Another common form of Plague was septicemic. Beginning with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain, gradual blood infection created a 100% mortality rate (“Diseases and Conditions: Plague”). The final form was pneumatic. With a 95% mortality rate, this form developed when a person breathed in droplets of Yersinia pestis from an animal or person who had infection in the lungs. But no matter the form, the Plague was an indiscriminate killer, striking both nobles and…

    • 1743 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Plague Dbq Essay

    • 1257 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Bubonic Plague was one of the single most devastating events of the medieval era. The Plague, also called "Black Death" is suspected to have originated in China and the far east, coming to Europe during the late 1340 's and early 1350 's by way of shipping and trade routes. By the time the plague had abated, almost half of Europe 's population had been killed by this deadly disease. The results of the plague was extremely damaging not just to the population of Europe, but to the basis of society itself. The Plague had such a devastating effect on European society because the moral code of the populations dissolved, the emphasis and practice of religious faith declined, and the value and importance of traditional relationships decreased.…

    • 1257 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In 1347, a plague of epic proportions attacked Medieval Europe and Asia, killing millions. This plague, caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis carried on fleas and rats, was called the Black Death, and greatly contributed to the development of Europe. The changes to European society, though they were immediately negative, had their benefits. The corrupt church lost much of its power and control over the way people thought and acted. The years of experimenting with proposed cures greatly improved the limited medical knowledge of the time. The decrease in population lessened the workforce, but increased social mobility for peasants.…

    • 1082 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Middle Ages Dbq

    • 1264 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Black Death hit Europe between the years 1346 and 1353. The plague devastated Europe, killing two-fifths of the population in just seven years. The bubonic plague made its way into European ports from Asian ships infested with rats carrying the disease. The sickness swept across Europe, leaving devastation in its wake. The ruin that the Black Death caused led to many consequences. Socially and economically, villages vanished. Laborers decreased as the population decreased, so the number of farms declined. However, this led to a…

    • 1264 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Black Plague, commonly known as the Black Death was a disease that caused extensive damage to Europe during the years of 1346 through 1353. The disease is believed to derive from a bacterium frequently found in populations of fleas that are carried around by a variety of different rodents. The death toll of this unfortunate disease would build all the way up to 20 million people, which turned out to be one third of Europe’s population. The black plague had many effects on different aspects of society such as public health, religion, discrimination, medicine, and economic and social order. These different aspects had both positive and negative…

    • 1003 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Bubonic Plague, or otherwise called the Black Death, was the most devastating pandemic seen in human history. It had spread throughout Europe and Asia in the fourteenth century, killing millions of people. Regardless of the high death toll and some future consequences, this pandemic influenced people of the fourteenth century economically, politically and socially in a positive way and laid the foundation of modern medicine.…

    • 1533 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Bubonic Plague Dbq

    • 259 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The Bubonic Plague also known as “Black Death” because of its dark patches is a bacterial infection caused by infected fleas from small animals such as rats. The disease only takes about seven days to start feeling its symptoms. It killed about seventy five million people in Europe and more than sixty percent of its whole population. As more deaths occurred over the next several years the economy and livestock started decreasing and becoming more scarce. The outbreak cause much depression and killed mostly children then it did with adults based on their own immune system.…

    • 259 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The people who were unfortunate enough to catch the disease would go through extreme amount of pain and suffering before death, “Internal bleeding in the digestive tract causes bloody vomit. Many victims become delirious before dying” ("Colonial Life"). There was nothing that the doctors could do, for there was no cure, it was more of a waiting process, “The two orderlies walked to the deb of the corpse. They spoke quietly in French. Each man took one end of the dead woman’s mattress and lifted, the carried the body away” (Anderson 98). Many would suffer for extended periods of time. Then when the patient would die orderlies would nonchalantly take the corpse and dump it into a mass grave, as if the patient was never even there. Doctors thought that the best way to cure a disease was to drain it out, “‘That was ten ounces of blood. I’ll come back tomorrow to take another ten. She needs to purge the disease still in her stomach and bowels’” (Anderson 72). There was no cure, the people of Philadelphia were just waiting for the first frost to kill the spread of disease. However, in most cases people could not take the risk, nor could wait for the first frost, the epidemic caused thousands of people to flee the city. There was no guarantee that fleeing would prevent the thousands that fled from getting sick, it was just the best option (Staff, ProQuest). There was very little hope for the people of Philadelphia, the city became a ghost town, and for the few that remained within the city were either sick or had nowhere else to…

    • 2053 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    As soon as the plague started to spread, people began to panic because nobody really understood what was happening. Fathers would leave their sons when they got sick in hope to not get the disease. “Friars and nuns were left to care for the sick”. (http://www.themiddleages.net/plague.html) People would lock themselves in their houses where there weren’t any sick people. Medieval Europe never fully returned to normal state even after the big outbreaks ended. Everyone that had survived was scared and in hope that the outbreak wouldn’t reoccur. About twenty five million people had died between the years of 1347 and 1352. Houses were abandoned and left alone. And the cost of everything went up. The Black Death scared so many people that they decided to come up with the medication and supplies for modern time. “The Black Death did set the stage for more modern medicine and spurred changes in public health and hospital management.” God was also a big part in the social and economic effects. People thought that it was gods fault and that he had betrayed them, making them want to betray him. “Feeling, essentially, that God had turned his back on them, the people reacted to the end of the Black Death by turning their backs on him.” People would begin to drink and do things they wouldn’t normally do. The Black Death had destroyed Medieval Europe’s social and economic ways of…

    • 648 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Black Plague was the worst disease in human history. The Black Plague was nicknamed the black death because at its worst times many people described it as a black cloud of death that was not avoidable(Dobson). The black plague killed 30% of the population of Europe(Dobson). The black plague changed the world and even sources of power(Dobson). It had terrible symptoms and was hard to treat at the time(Benedict). 60% of the people affected with the virus passed away (Dobson).…

    • 526 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The wealthy were able to flee easier, leaving the less fortunate to survive for themselves. According to Zahler, “Children abandoned the father, husband abandoned the wife, wife the husband, one brother the other, one sister the other…. Some fled to villas, others to villages in order to get a change in air. Where there had been no plague, there they carried it; if it was already there, they caused it to increase” (Zahler 45). Another way the plague affected the people and places during the Middle Ages was through schools and education. Many schools were shut down at the time due to health and safety reasons. Many times, due to the significant loss of the population, there were not even enough students or teachers to fill a classroom. Many intellectual and educated scholars died during the plague, too. During our class this semester we watched a movie, Inside the Medieval Mind. This movie was divided into four sections. The section focusing on power laid the foundation for the class system and the inequality. Inequality was normal in the medieval world. Chivalry was greatly enforced, which was a form of caste solidarity. The power portion of this movie portrayed the Black Death plague as an interruption to the typical class system. The Black Death created a labor shortage which resulted in the serfs, who were very low in the class…

    • 1337 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Essay On The Black Plague

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages

    During the 14th century, around 75 to 200 million people died because of the disease known as the Black Plague. These numbers show that around a third of Europe’s population was completely wiped out. Many terrible changes occurred including the rich and the poor going against each other, blaming one another for causing this horrific disease. The Black Plague was the worst epidemic that has ever been recorded in the world’s history because of the disease’s ability to spread rapidly, the terrible process of infection, and as well as the long term effects that it had on Europe.…

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Black Plague was a catastrophe that shook humanity to its core. This disease was one of the most impactful epidemics in human history wiping out approximately one third of Europe’s population between 1347-1350 (Johnston 566). The Black Plague, or known by as its medical name, the Bubonic Plague, was a deadly disease tied to poor sanitation, and was extremely contagious. As explained in The Gale Encyclopedia of Science, “Humans became infected only through the bite of a flea that has ingested blood from an infected rodent. Another route of transmission is through person-to-person contact. If a person’s lungs are infected with the bacteria, the disease can be transmitted easily to another person…

    • 2531 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The existence of the plague as a whole still continues to boggle the minds of researchers everywhere. It still exists today, even if we can not see it. The mutations live on in the survivor’s posterity, in minor plagues throughout the world, the feudalism free Europe, and in the medical developments discovered while finding a cure. The Black Plague killed around 350 million Europeans, but the loss of people is not the only way it affected the population. From the beginning when it first arrived in the ports of Sicily, to the height where the disease spread to the corners of Europe, to the cease of the plague were researchers are still continuing to piece the beginning of the plague to the…

    • 1683 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays