In “Learning to be Gendered”, Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet (2013) argue that from the time that children are born, they are taught how to behave based on their gender. This is gender socialization in its basic form—defining the way each of us should act based on gender. In the words of Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet (2013), “at birth, many hospital nurseries provide pink caps for girls and blue caps for boys, or in other ways to provide some visual sign of the sex that has been assigned to the baby”(p. 737). This is an example of how society places expectations on the colors males and females are understood to associate with. As children get older, they continue to experience pressure surrounding their appearance and
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This is exclusively evident in women that deviate more between their figure and the ones depicted in the media. By contrast, thinner women are less affected by the media “because they perceive a smaller discrepancy between themselves and the media ideal” (S. Posac & H. Posavac, 2002, p.154). However these comparison only seem to relate to European American Women, since African American “groups tend to have a higher average BMI [body mass index] than comparison to EA groups… AA women have reported less dissatisfaction than EA women” (Jefferson & Stake, 2009, p. 397). Jefferson & Stake (2009) also concluded that “the mainstream media has less influence on [African American women’s] body image than it does on that of EA girls and women” (p. 398), since there are fewer African American women depicted in media, and the few that are depicted in the media tend to be more corpulent than European American depictions, African American women therefore believe that they are closer to their beauty ideal. Which explains why African American women are less affected by women’s portrayal in media. In relation, “the majority of both EA and AA women reported that, when they do make media appearance comparison, they compare themselves to women of their own ethnoracial group (63.3% and 73.2% respectively)” (Jefferson & Stake, 2009, p.
This is exclusively evident in women that deviate more between their figure and the ones depicted in the media. By contrast, thinner women are less affected by the media “because they perceive a smaller discrepancy between themselves and the media ideal” (S. Posac & H. Posavac, 2002, p.154). However these comparison only seem to relate to European American Women, since African American “groups tend to have a higher average BMI [body mass index] than comparison to EA groups… AA women have reported less dissatisfaction than EA women” (Jefferson & Stake, 2009, p. 397). Jefferson & Stake (2009) also concluded that “the mainstream media has less influence on [African American women’s] body image than it does on that of EA girls and women” (p. 398), since there are fewer African American women depicted in media, and the few that are depicted in the media tend to be more corpulent than European American depictions, African American women therefore believe that they are closer to their beauty ideal. Which explains why African American women are less affected by women’s portrayal in media. In relation, “the majority of both EA and AA women reported that, when they do make media appearance comparison, they compare themselves to women of their own ethnoracial group (63.3% and 73.2% respectively)” (Jefferson & Stake, 2009, p.