In this peer reviewed journal, Schram and Gaines examine the differences between delinquent non-gang members and delinquent gang members when they participate in gang prevention programs. The authors argument is supported when they stated that both gang and non-gang members were doing good at school when they participated in the Multidisciplinary Team Program. Because of programs like this, both gang and non-gang members improve their relationship with their family, and they stop using alcohol and drugs. The authors selected juveniles who were member of the MDT Program. They want to observe the progress between gang and non-gang juveniles.…
Conklin examines the change drug use and the possible effects that may have played in the subject matter. Specifically, the shift seen during in drug of choice by consumers away from crack cocaine and toward marijuana. The author concludes that while drug patterns may explain a reduction in certain types of crime it cannot be connected to every category of crime in which the reduction is seen. Conklin discusses the change in use of crack cocaine as a possible factor for a decline in murder and robbery rates but not in burglary or motor vehicle theft. However, despite the possible correlation drug use in general stayed relatively stable during the 1990’s.…
The United States’ governmental policies known as the War on Drugs contributed to increases of incarceration and arrest rates, notably of African Americans; although substance use and abuse rates of African Americans are lower than that of Whites. Kakade, Duarte, Liu, Fuller, Drucker, Hoven, Fan, and Wu (2012) addressed two main hypotheses: the “differential offending” hypothesis and the “differential treatment” hypothesis. Kakade et. al hypothesized for the “differential offending” hypothesis that overrepresentation of racial/ethnic minorities in the juvenile and criminal justice systems reveals racial differences in the prevalence, the seriousness and the consistent engagement in criminal behavior. Kakade et.…
These weakened social institutions enable harmful social behaviors to proliferate. Gangs are also a product of social disorganization, a response to desperate conditions. The presence of conflicting values and disadvantaged neighborhoods orients the people living there towards crime. Venkatesh explains that, "In the old days, a teenager with an appetite for trouble might have gotten involved in vandalism or shoplifting; now he was more likely to be involved in the drug trade." (Venkatesh, page 72)…
To what extent are the patterns similar or different between both and what are the odds of violent offending among gang membership (Esbensen, Peterson, Taylor, & Freng, 2009). This empirical article meets the requirements within the capstone mission, whereas the content under analytic methods, which focuses on particular risk factors within multiple domains and to what extent are the…
In an article review by Brien et al. states that, “Given the close association between gang participation and violence, there is significant overlap between risk factors and developmental trajectories for involvement in violent and gang delinquency”. They create fear and violence within neighborhoods, transport in drugs, destroy property, involve youth in criminal acts, and drive out businesses. Gangs can attract teens away from school and home into a life of violence. One of the dangerous aspects of gang violence is its often unselective and…
The first article is written by Candace McCoy (2010) called “Do Drug Courts Work? For What, Compared to What? Qualitative Results from a Natural Experiment” and the second article is called “The impact of adult drug courts on crime and incarceration: findings from a multi-site quasi-experimental design” by Michael Rempel, Mia Green, and Dana Kralstein in 2012. In addition, the last article is by Christopher J. Sullivan and Zachary K. Hamilton (2007) called “exploring careers in deviance: a joint trajectory analysis of criminal behavior and substance use in an offender population” from the Taylor & Francis Group.…
Yet if these offenders would have to attend some type of addiction consoling while incarcerated and have to continue after their release date as a stipulation of their probation they may never go back down that same path again. Drug-related crimes are often committed to obtain money or goods to sell to get money to support drug use.…
Social disorganization is a prime example of this research. Although not all members of gangs are involved in serious violence crimes, violence does outline a major problem in urban communities. Juveniles turn to gang membership in these particular areas for protection. They feel that no one is there for them and they need to go out looking…
Gun violence is increasing due to the availability of guns, especially illegally obtained guns. Gangs have three main motives to use violence, including honor, control of local turf, and gain of money or goods (Howell, 1998). Juvenile gangs tend to follow adult members who are generally operate on a very sophisticated organizational network, almost like a corporation (Howell, 1998). Trends are showing that juvenile gangs are becoming more involved with drug offenses more than any other type of offense. Drug use, trafficking and violence considerably overlap with gangs (Howell,…
Whites represented for 41% of the respondents, 27% African-American, 19% Hispanic, 14% other. An examination of each of the cumulative risk factors for example: sex, race, age, family structure, and highest parental education, predicted that gang members and serious violent offenders possess the highest levels of risk factors within each of the domains The chances of involvement increases drastically when possessing risk factors in multiple domains as opposed to possessing none or just having one in a single domain. Gang membership and violent offending are becoming more and more rapid, with the odds increasing with each additional risk factor beyond the first tipping point of six and seven, and also focuses found at 12 and 14. The multivariate examination subsequent to controlling the demographic eighteen risk factors, with the peer factors that seem, by all accounts, to be essential with five of six expanding chances of violence and three expanding chances of gang involvement. A few indicators are imparted over the models to low blame guilt and responsibility to negative peers that have altogether more noteworthy impacts on gang membership.…
Illicit Use A fleeting rush of adrenaline is worth cold sweats in the middle of the night. We inhale them and feel relief, so we kill and maim for them. Despite all the awful things drugs make us do, people keep coming back for more. Addicts rob gas stations, gang bangers push coke across the border and force children to deal.…
Sabrina Peters Drugs and Crime February 17, 2018 Writing Assignment #1 The text defined criminological theory as “ a set of concepts linked together by a series of statements to explain why an event or phenomenon occurs” (Pg. 75). In my opinion, the criminology theory that best explains drug use, which includes purchasing and possessing of drugs, is rational choice theory. Rational choice theory is the idea that an individual makes a reasonable choice after weighing in on the costs and benefits and then decides what they are going to do.…
Running head: Legalizing Marijuana Legalizing Marijuana Zack Summers Nashville State Community College Author Note…
Each day drugs makes a huge impact on our generation. Throughout this paper, I am looking to find out what causes teenagers to try illegal drugs and how it impacts their life. Drugs can affect a person in different parts of their lives. For example their education, work, personal life, and the relationship with their family and friends.…