Down Syndrome: Genetic Disorders In Children

Science is part of an everyday life. The field of genetics can impact someone’s health, political view, faith, and job. Every day, society is expanding the applications of such potentials to cure genetic disorders, modify organisms, and identifying criminals. Every year, there are over eight million children born with a serious disorder that is caused by genes. “The most common genetic defects include heart disorders, Down syndrome and incorrectly formed backbones and brains. They also include disorders of the red blood cells, such as sickle cell disease and thalassemia.” This shows that genetic disorders can have different problems with a person but it depends on which gene is affected and how it is affected. A genetic disorder that an infant is born with and can affect them through adulthood is Down syndrome. Down syndrome is a form of mental retardation or other formalities of physical appearance. Before birth, a mother can have tests done to examine the fetus to see if the baby has Down syndrome which would be examining …show more content…
When the parents of a child are normal, they still may have a gene for Down syndrome that can be passed down to the child. “Down syndrome is not the most common trisomy in pregnancies, the extensive studies on Down syndrome are due to the fact that it the most common trisomy compatible with life. Down syndrome is caused by chromosomal nondisjunction (95%), mosaicism (3%), or translocation (2%). The human chromosome 21 (Hsa21) harbors five microRNA (miRNA) genes.” (The Spectrum of Pulmonary Malformation in Trisomy-21 Patient. A Review with Emphasis on the Molecular-Genetic Basis.) “Affected patients share distinct phenotypes life cognitive disabilities, congenital heart disease and facial and physical appearance.” (The Spectrum of Pulmonary Malformation in Trisomy-21 Patient. A Review with Emphasis on the Molecular-Genetic