Dopamine Receptors Research Paper

Five different subtypes of dopamine receptors (D1-D5) are classed into two subfamilies,D1-like and D2-like,which base on struchural, biochemicaland pharmacological properties. The D1-like receptors include D1 and D5, while the D2-like comprises D2,D3 and D4. (Kebabian, J. W. and Calne, D. B. (1979) Nature 277, 93-96) D1-like dopamine receptors combine with the Gα s/olf proteins to stimulate cyclic AMP .D2-like dopamine receptors couple to the G α i/o proteins,decreasing concentrations of cyclic AMP and calcium channel activity ,meanwhile improve potassium channel activity.

Different subtypes of dopamine receptors express in unique patterns of the human brain .D1 receptors are expressed in high densities in nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, and mesocorti-cal areas, cortical areas, including the caudate-putamen ,substantia nigra,accumbens,frontal corte ,amygdala, nu-cleus ,and xolfactory bulb,as well as at lower levels in the cerebellum, hippocampus, thalamic areas. D2 receptors expressed at signif-icant levels in the striatum, the olfac-tory tubercle, and the nucleus accumbens. D3 receptors are found particularly dense in the striatum. D4 receptors have very low level of expression in the brain, expressing in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus. D5 dopamine receptors present in multiple brain regions,including the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.All subtypes of dopamine receptors can be observed in the kidney, gastrointestinal tract, adrenal glands,blood vessels, and heart. …show more content…
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