As outlined in the Landowner’s Guide to Managing & Controlling Invasive Plants in Ontario document, invasive species (such as buckthorn, dog strangling vine, and garlic mustard) negatively impact our native biodiversity. And pose a significant threat of establishing a monoculture in addition to creating a new environment that cannot sustain or support our native species anymore. In our region, buckthorn lacks any natural enemies and has a longer growing season. Which can provide it an unfair advantage over native trees and shrubs, as stated in the Best Management Practices in Ontario (Buckthorn) document. On the property, buckthorn has formed a dense canopy of shade; robbing sunlight, soil nutrients, and water from native plants. This can
