The Replication of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
DNA replication is when a cell divides and every new cell has a copy of the original cell’s genetic information. This allows it to synthesize the proteins to build cellular parts and metabolize. Replication of DNA happens during the interphase of a cell cycle. What makes the replication possible is the double-stranded structure of the DNA. During the phase of copying, hydrogen bonds between compatible base pairs in each DNA molecule break. Then the double helix disentangles and pulls apart, revealing the nitrogenous bases. After, DNA polymerase brings new nucleotides, and they form compatible pairs with the exposed bases. The other enzymes unify the …show more content…
Making proteins takes various steps and is an enzyme-catalyzed process. Cells are able to synthesize proteins because it is given a specific sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA of genes and a distinct sequence of amino acid in a protein molecule. The building block sequence is called the genetic code. Expressed in a DNA molecule by a specific sequence of three nucleotides are the twenty types of amino acids in an organic protein. The sequences are G, G, T in one of the types of amino acid: G, C, A in a different one: and T, T, A in another one. The other functions of the remaining nucleotide sequences follow instructions for beginning or ending the synthesis of a protein …show more content…
RNA is how genetic information gets to the cytoplasm because it is replicated into its molecules that are able to exit the nucleus. RNA is also a lot shorter than DNA and is single-stranded. The process of synthesizing RNA is called transcription. Messenger RNA is what carries a gene’s message out of the nucleus and other types help build proteins. RNA is different from DNA in many ways. For one, RNA is single-stranded and the nucleotides have sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose. Also while adenine, cytosine and guanine nucleotides are both in DNA and RNA, thymine is only in DNA. Instead of thymine, RNA molecules have uracil nucleotides. The enzyme RNA polymerase synthesis mRNA following the rules of compatible base pairing. For instance, DNA sequence A, T, G, C, G indicates the complementary mRNA bases U, A, C, G, C. Fixed DNA sequences outside genes signal the two strands of DNA that holds the information to build protein. RNA polymerase does the same by acknowledging sequences in the DNA that point to where the gene begins and stops. When the RNA polymerase gets to the end of the gene, newly formed mRNA is released and the process of transcription is
DNA replication is when a cell divides and every new cell has a copy of the original cell’s genetic information. This allows it to synthesize the proteins to build cellular parts and metabolize. Replication of DNA happens during the interphase of a cell cycle. What makes the replication possible is the double-stranded structure of the DNA. During the phase of copying, hydrogen bonds between compatible base pairs in each DNA molecule break. Then the double helix disentangles and pulls apart, revealing the nitrogenous bases. After, DNA polymerase brings new nucleotides, and they form compatible pairs with the exposed bases. The other enzymes unify the …show more content…
Making proteins takes various steps and is an enzyme-catalyzed process. Cells are able to synthesize proteins because it is given a specific sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA of genes and a distinct sequence of amino acid in a protein molecule. The building block sequence is called the genetic code. Expressed in a DNA molecule by a specific sequence of three nucleotides are the twenty types of amino acids in an organic protein. The sequences are G, G, T in one of the types of amino acid: G, C, A in a different one: and T, T, A in another one. The other functions of the remaining nucleotide sequences follow instructions for beginning or ending the synthesis of a protein …show more content…
RNA is how genetic information gets to the cytoplasm because it is replicated into its molecules that are able to exit the nucleus. RNA is also a lot shorter than DNA and is single-stranded. The process of synthesizing RNA is called transcription. Messenger RNA is what carries a gene’s message out of the nucleus and other types help build proteins. RNA is different from DNA in many ways. For one, RNA is single-stranded and the nucleotides have sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose. Also while adenine, cytosine and guanine nucleotides are both in DNA and RNA, thymine is only in DNA. Instead of thymine, RNA molecules have uracil nucleotides. The enzyme RNA polymerase synthesis mRNA following the rules of compatible base pairing. For instance, DNA sequence A, T, G, C, G indicates the complementary mRNA bases U, A, C, G, C. Fixed DNA sequences outside genes signal the two strands of DNA that holds the information to build protein. RNA polymerase does the same by acknowledging sequences in the DNA that point to where the gene begins and stops. When the RNA polymerase gets to the end of the gene, newly formed mRNA is released and the process of transcription is