The process of DNA, and RNA replication and process of transcription and translation.
DNA replication is extremely important due to the fact we need a second copy of DNA because one DNA strand needs to be entered into a daughter cell during the cell cycle. If DNA did not replicate then we would not have enough of genetic information to make proteins that will help us humans maintain body functions. Also without DNA there would not be any RNA, transcription nor translation. DNA is pretty much the glue that holds everything together.
I will be first describing the process of DNA replication and then I will be discussing the process of RNA/ transcription and last I will conclude the paper by describing the process of translation.
I will start …show more content…
But the first step before learning how DNA replicates itself, One must fully comprehend the basic fundamentals of DNA. DNA is composed of two long strands that coil around each other giving the appearance of a twisted ladder. A DNA strand is made up of sugars and phosphate units which is also known a nucleotides. Within the nucleotides, bases are found inside. DNA alone has a total of 4 base pairs, which include, “ Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine( G), and Cytosine © “ ( Anatomy book Chapter 4 pg 94). Now because we can grasp a clear understanding of a DNA, we can now move on to the process of DNA replication. DNA replication itself takes place “ during interphase of the cell cycle” (Anatomy book chapter 4 pg 94). Before replication can start a specialized enzyme is summon to help. The enzyme DNA helicase which is needed to cut the hydrogen bonds and henceforth separating the DNA. How the enzyme DNA helicase works is , the “ Helicase separates the double- stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied”( A learning space for science). Which is very beneficial and helpful because you can …show more content…
This particular copy is called messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. What this messenger RNA would do is, it would leave the nucleus because DNA it not allow to leave the nucleus at all. DNA is essentially in charge of genetic code for protein synthesis. But one problem we face is that “ protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm” (Anatomy book chapter 4 pg 97). So because of that the “ genetic information reaches the cytoplasm by being copied into a molecule of RNA”(Anatomy book Chapter 4 pg 97). RNA basically takes over by helping DNA carry the genetic information out of the nucleus. The reason why RNA is able to leave the nucleus in the first place is because it has different characteristics compared to DNA. Which include, RNA having a single strand while DNA has a double strand. Having one or two strands makes a huge differences, because RNA has only one single strand, its quilt smaller than DNA, making RNA fit through the nucleus doors. RNA also has the same base pairs as DNA which include Adenine, guanine, and cytosine. But the one difference they have with base pairs is that RNA contains uracil instead of thymine which DNA has. Once messenger RNA carries the genetic information out of the cell a particular enzyme is then needed to synthesize mRNA, which is called enzyme RNA polymerase. While RNA polymerase start fusing mRNA it has to follow the basic
DNA replication is extremely important due to the fact we need a second copy of DNA because one DNA strand needs to be entered into a daughter cell during the cell cycle. If DNA did not replicate then we would not have enough of genetic information to make proteins that will help us humans maintain body functions. Also without DNA there would not be any RNA, transcription nor translation. DNA is pretty much the glue that holds everything together.
I will be first describing the process of DNA replication and then I will be discussing the process of RNA/ transcription and last I will conclude the paper by describing the process of translation.
I will start …show more content…
But the first step before learning how DNA replicates itself, One must fully comprehend the basic fundamentals of DNA. DNA is composed of two long strands that coil around each other giving the appearance of a twisted ladder. A DNA strand is made up of sugars and phosphate units which is also known a nucleotides. Within the nucleotides, bases are found inside. DNA alone has a total of 4 base pairs, which include, “ Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine( G), and Cytosine © “ ( Anatomy book Chapter 4 pg 94). Now because we can grasp a clear understanding of a DNA, we can now move on to the process of DNA replication. DNA replication itself takes place “ during interphase of the cell cycle” (Anatomy book chapter 4 pg 94). Before replication can start a specialized enzyme is summon to help. The enzyme DNA helicase which is needed to cut the hydrogen bonds and henceforth separating the DNA. How the enzyme DNA helicase works is , the “ Helicase separates the double- stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied”( A learning space for science). Which is very beneficial and helpful because you can …show more content…
This particular copy is called messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. What this messenger RNA would do is, it would leave the nucleus because DNA it not allow to leave the nucleus at all. DNA is essentially in charge of genetic code for protein synthesis. But one problem we face is that “ protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm” (Anatomy book chapter 4 pg 97). So because of that the “ genetic information reaches the cytoplasm by being copied into a molecule of RNA”(Anatomy book Chapter 4 pg 97). RNA basically takes over by helping DNA carry the genetic information out of the nucleus. The reason why RNA is able to leave the nucleus in the first place is because it has different characteristics compared to DNA. Which include, RNA having a single strand while DNA has a double strand. Having one or two strands makes a huge differences, because RNA has only one single strand, its quilt smaller than DNA, making RNA fit through the nucleus doors. RNA also has the same base pairs as DNA which include Adenine, guanine, and cytosine. But the one difference they have with base pairs is that RNA contains uracil instead of thymine which DNA has. Once messenger RNA carries the genetic information out of the cell a particular enzyme is then needed to synthesize mRNA, which is called enzyme RNA polymerase. While RNA polymerase start fusing mRNA it has to follow the basic