DNA analysis, also known as DNA profiling, testing, typing, is a process that takes genetic material and evaluates it so that it can identify individuals in a criminal investigation or in use of a forensic application. The beginning step of the performance of DNA analysis on a reference sample or person is the collection of DNA from cells. These cells can come from a blood sample or even swabbing the inside of an individual’s cheek. After it is collected, the samples are then sent to a lab for the further steps of DNA analysis. There are different methods that can be used to analyze this DNA. One of these techniques is known as restriction fragment length polymorphism, or RFLP. This is used to identify changes in the genetic structure and
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DNA regions with short and repeating units is called STR. These STRs are located around and surrounding the chromosomal centromere. STR analysis is a process containing three processes which are amplification, electrophoresis, and interpretation. In the first stage, amplification, DNA is extracted and added to chemical reagents which are then heated, which causes the two strands of DNA to separate. Reagents in which the sampling DNA is heated by contains markers, or primers, that identify the beginning and ending points of the DNA that is being duplicated. The primers are short, synthetic pieced of DNA that is designed to match regions of DNA that are highly variable. As the DNA cools, the markers are attached to the newly singe stranded DNA. The markers, which is also known as a primer, contains fluorescent labels which allows them to be detected by lasers which occurs later on in the testing process. When the primers have been bounded to the start and end to a segment that is being copied, building blocks of DNA fill the rest of the sports to the strand. When amplification is done, electrophoresis occurs, which is when the DNA being analyzed is separated into fragments. The fragments are then measured by their length which then determines the alleles that correspond to them. After these two stages, then interpretation
DNA regions with short and repeating units is called STR. These STRs are located around and surrounding the chromosomal centromere. STR analysis is a process containing three processes which are amplification, electrophoresis, and interpretation. In the first stage, amplification, DNA is extracted and added to chemical reagents which are then heated, which causes the two strands of DNA to separate. Reagents in which the sampling DNA is heated by contains markers, or primers, that identify the beginning and ending points of the DNA that is being duplicated. The primers are short, synthetic pieced of DNA that is designed to match regions of DNA that are highly variable. As the DNA cools, the markers are attached to the newly singe stranded DNA. The markers, which is also known as a primer, contains fluorescent labels which allows them to be detected by lasers which occurs later on in the testing process. When the primers have been bounded to the start and end to a segment that is being copied, building blocks of DNA fill the rest of the sports to the strand. When amplification is done, electrophoresis occurs, which is when the DNA being analyzed is separated into fragments. The fragments are then measured by their length which then determines the alleles that correspond to them. After these two stages, then interpretation