Fracking in a nutshell, is a new way to extract oil out of shale in the United states. Most other countries don’t use it because they don’t need it, we are finding lots of oil in shale, but its too dense and hard to extract that oil out of without breaking it up first. Fracking means to use liquid to break apart fissures and extract oil and gas through the gaps, and hydraulic means to be using and moving fluid under pressure. They have reinvented portions of the process of how we go about drilling with horizontal drilling, but the process of starting a hole is a lot like poking a straw in an orange once you find the right spot all there is to do is suck out all the juices. Once the spot is found and the hole started they stick a steel pipe
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Horizontal drilling is the simpler of the two and the advancements come down to be able to control the direction the drill bit goes. Motors just above the drill bit can be activated and deactivated to control a hinge in the drill string, this subtle hinge in the pipe will change the direction of the bit. These motors come along with a mud motor which makes it so you can make all these adjustments at the bottom of the hole instead having to rotate the entire drill string. hydraulic fracturing has made it so when can finally get to all the oil we have known about in shale formations. After you have drilled a hole into and across these shale formations which are too dense to let go of any of the oil that is stuck in the rock, you have to “fracture” it. Fracturing is the more technologically advanced system that has made a significant difference to the United States. After the hole is drilled and casing implemented a perforating gun is sent down with shaped explosive charges and is electrically discharged to create the fracture, this is repeated throughout the entire pay zone. Due to the pressure at those depths the fissures would normally close right back up, but scientists have formulated a way using primarily sand and water to keep these cracks
Horizontal drilling is the simpler of the two and the advancements come down to be able to control the direction the drill bit goes. Motors just above the drill bit can be activated and deactivated to control a hinge in the drill string, this subtle hinge in the pipe will change the direction of the bit. These motors come along with a mud motor which makes it so you can make all these adjustments at the bottom of the hole instead having to rotate the entire drill string. hydraulic fracturing has made it so when can finally get to all the oil we have known about in shale formations. After you have drilled a hole into and across these shale formations which are too dense to let go of any of the oil that is stuck in the rock, you have to “fracture” it. Fracturing is the more technologically advanced system that has made a significant difference to the United States. After the hole is drilled and casing implemented a perforating gun is sent down with shaped explosive charges and is electrically discharged to create the fracture, this is repeated throughout the entire pay zone. Due to the pressure at those depths the fissures would normally close right back up, but scientists have formulated a way using primarily sand and water to keep these cracks