I understand that some of these options may not be available in an emergency and are less effective than a direct transfusion. I understand that refusing a blood transfusion may cause serious strain on my heart or other organs due to anemia, and could lead to heart attack, stroke, other life threatening medical conditions, or death. I understand that refusal of transfusion of platelets, plasma, or factor concentrates may lead to excessive bleeding which could lead to conditions including but not limited to injury to other organs, infection, heart attack, stroke, or
