CHAPTER THREE
3. Materials and methods
3.1 Description of the study area
3.1.1 Location
Dire Dawa is one of the two chartered cities in Ethiopia (the other being the capital, Addis Ababa). The administrative council consists of the city of Dire Dawa and the surrounding rural areas. The council has no administrative zones but one woreda - Gurgura woreda. There are 4 Keftegnas, 24 urban kebeles and 28 rural peasants associations. It is found at a road distance of 515 km from Addis Ababa. Dire Dawa is the capital city of the administrative council, lays in the eastern part of the country, geographically, it is bounded by latitudes 9o 27' 3"−9o 49' 54" N and longitudes 41o 38' 6"−42o 19' 17"E covering a total area of 1,288 km2 (Fig. 4). Figure …show more content…
For all of Dire Dawa 76,815 households were counted living in 72,937 housing units, which results in an average of 4.5 persons to a household, with urban households having on average 4.2 and rural households 4.9 people. Ethnic groups in the region include the Oromo (45%), Somali (25%), Amhara (23%), Gurage (3%), and Harari (1%). The religion with the most believers in Dire Dawa is Muslim with 70.8%, 25.71% are Ethiopia Orthodox, 2.81% Protestant, and 0.43% …show more content…
Temperature progressively increases northward from somewhat temperate type along the mountain side of the city in its southern most point (Amente and Tesega, 2014). The mean annual temperature of Dire Dawa is about 25.4oC. The average maximum temperature is 31.4oC, while its average minimum temperature is about 18.2oC (Fazzini et al., 2015). The region has two rain seasons; that is, a small rain season from March to April, and a big rain season that extends from August to September. The aggregate average annual rainfall that the region gets from these two seasons is about 611 mm (Fazzini et al., 2015). The variability of annual rainfall in Dire Dawa during the last 30-year period is a bit larger than neighboring stations (Rediat, 2012).
3.1.4 Land-use and land-cover
The total area of the city is about 1,288 km2. The land use types in the study area are classified into seven classes (Fig. 5). These are cultivated land, bare land, grassland, settlements, shrub land, wetland and woodland (Table 2).
Figure 5: Land-use/land-cover map of Dire Dawa and surrounding,
3. Materials and methods
3.1 Description of the study area
3.1.1 Location
Dire Dawa is one of the two chartered cities in Ethiopia (the other being the capital, Addis Ababa). The administrative council consists of the city of Dire Dawa and the surrounding rural areas. The council has no administrative zones but one woreda - Gurgura woreda. There are 4 Keftegnas, 24 urban kebeles and 28 rural peasants associations. It is found at a road distance of 515 km from Addis Ababa. Dire Dawa is the capital city of the administrative council, lays in the eastern part of the country, geographically, it is bounded by latitudes 9o 27' 3"−9o 49' 54" N and longitudes 41o 38' 6"−42o 19' 17"E covering a total area of 1,288 km2 (Fig. 4). Figure …show more content…
For all of Dire Dawa 76,815 households were counted living in 72,937 housing units, which results in an average of 4.5 persons to a household, with urban households having on average 4.2 and rural households 4.9 people. Ethnic groups in the region include the Oromo (45%), Somali (25%), Amhara (23%), Gurage (3%), and Harari (1%). The religion with the most believers in Dire Dawa is Muslim with 70.8%, 25.71% are Ethiopia Orthodox, 2.81% Protestant, and 0.43% …show more content…
Temperature progressively increases northward from somewhat temperate type along the mountain side of the city in its southern most point (Amente and Tesega, 2014). The mean annual temperature of Dire Dawa is about 25.4oC. The average maximum temperature is 31.4oC, while its average minimum temperature is about 18.2oC (Fazzini et al., 2015). The region has two rain seasons; that is, a small rain season from March to April, and a big rain season that extends from August to September. The aggregate average annual rainfall that the region gets from these two seasons is about 611 mm (Fazzini et al., 2015). The variability of annual rainfall in Dire Dawa during the last 30-year period is a bit larger than neighboring stations (Rediat, 2012).
3.1.4 Land-use and land-cover
The total area of the city is about 1,288 km2. The land use types in the study area are classified into seven classes (Fig. 5). These are cultivated land, bare land, grassland, settlements, shrub land, wetland and woodland (Table 2).
Figure 5: Land-use/land-cover map of Dire Dawa and surrounding,