When any of these groups settled in a new place, ethnic enclaves were created. These places would be filled with stores, restaurants, and other facilities run by people of the same ethnic group. African Americans created artistic hubs such as Harlem, filled with African Americans bringing their culture from the South to create a new fusion of cultures. The Jewish formed new congregations where they settled, keeping their religious culture. The Chinese continued to celebrate their traditional holidays, wear their old clothes, and hairstyles. Although they were different groups of people they had these things in common.
I would say each of these groups could be considered refugees. The Jews were fleeing their their countries from religious prosecution. The Irish were leaving the poverty and famine taking the lives of so many people in their country. African Americans were