The failures of Meech Lake have had vast impacts on conduct of current day politics, as well as describe the interprovincial relationships in Canada. Throughout this paper I will argue that demand for the Distinct Society clause by Quebec had an exclusionary impact on Canada’s aboriginal population due to a lack of consultation which together resulted in the failure of the Meech Lake Accord. The five main modification demanded of the accord for the Constitution by Quebec are the following: a recognition of the province of Quebec as a ‘distinct society”; a commitment to Canada’s bilingualism; increased provincial powers with respect to immigration; expansion of the…
The Front de Libération du Québec, better known as the FLQ, is one of the most important movements that have existed in Canada. Their motif was for Quebec to gain independence, to do this, they orchestrated several bombings and robberies in the 1960s, eventually leading up to the October Crisis in the late months of 1970. The kidnapping of James Cross and Pierre Laporte lead to the enactment of the War Measures Act. The ways the War Measures Act affected Canadians was drastic, though Pierre Trudeau did have justified reasoning for doing so. Once the October Crisis was over, major terrorist attacks ceased in Canada.…
The Constitution Act of 1982 transferred the authority to amend the Constitution from Great Britain to Canada. To date, Quebec’s constitutional concerns have not been addressed to a great enough extent, according to the government or the residence, to formally pass consent on the 1982 Constitution. This is largely due to the distinctiveness of the society of Quebec originating from the largely French speaking population, the resilient cultural identity, as well as history, political, and social traditions, that are more or less not shared with the rest of Canada The question in concern is whether or not Canada’s Constitution should recognize the francophone population in Quebec as a ‘nation’ with characteristics and needs palpably different from those of other provinces in the Canadian federation. The problem has been tackled on a number of occasions but has yet to be resolved.…
Later people new that as long as Pierre was Prime Minister, they will not separate Quebec From Canada. Once Trudeau was beat in the 1979 Canadian election, Quebec believed that it was a perfect time to obtain sovereignty. Though the attempts to the separation were on track to succeeding, Trudeau was re-elected in 1980. Finally Trudeau managed to collapse the chances of sovereignty. Still to this day, Trudeau has succeeded in preventing Quebec from leaving Canada, and maintaining our multiculturalism.…
The FLQ or the` Front de libération de Québec was a national liberation movement that was founded in 1963. The goal was to achieve independence of Quebec by restoring to terrorism, if necessary. It was made up of a group of unknown french Canadians whose occasionally declaration called for a Marxist/Anarchist insurrection,…
The combination of international economic crisis, drought, and political unpreparedness left many Albertans in a predicament due to a cycle of deficiency. First came the drought. Entire crops were ruined due to the drought, eventually not producing enough grain to repleshing seed supplies. Getting money from the banks to replace seeds was difficult, the provincial government was nearly impossible, while getting it from the federal government was overly bureaucratic, meaning if a farm ran out of grain, and money to buy more grain, they would no longer be able to grow crops and support themselves. For an example, in 1934-35 31% of farms in the district of Vulcan and 41% in Lomond had a negative income pg55, and the attempts at relief put the…
Pierre Trudeau 's attempts to create a sort of "National Identity" during his first term, from 1968 to 1972, has resulted in much debate and controversy. Each of these works looks at Pierre Trudeau from a different historiographical viewpoint. The reason for this is because Trudeau, and his "nationalist" policies, affected every aspect of Canadian citizens’ lives. This was due to the fact that Trudeau was essentially trying, in creating these policies, to answer the question that the Canadian intellectuals were struggling since World War II 's conclusion. This question was: "If [Canadians] are not British [due to the rapid decline of the British Empire] and not American [due to Canadians ' long held distrust of American power and influence]…
This essay is about the Quiet Revolution in Quebec that occurred between 1960 and 1966 and the many changes that occurred during this time period. Throughout these six years, Quebec experienced various changes on a social, economical and political level. This crucial period consisted of Quebec emerging out of the Duplessis era, characterized by traditionalism, conservatism and, generally, a rejection of contemporary ways and values (Claude, Bélanger, 2000). With the election of the Liberal Party led by Jean Lesage in 1960, wanting to improve public services (health), develop new industries, have access to natural resources and more.…
This seemed to compliment the peoples “general go-it-alone attitude” as well as their desire to be protected during times of hardships. The fact that the party was new and did not conform to the standards that the federal government restricted its provinces to being also appealed to Alberta’s fear of government overreach and their feeling of western alienation. Based on the province’s past and culture Social Credit was the most logical candidate to win after its creation. Alberta’s three main political charactaristics evoled…
Between 1971 and 2015, approximately 1.652 million Quebecers moved out of the province (Plante, Caroline). Evidently, citizens of Quebec were unhappy with the Quebec situation, whether it be political or economic. Certainly, however, those who were vehemently loyal to Quebec did not leave. Logically, these are the people who would have been in favor of Quebec’s sovereignty because of their loyalty to the province. Therefore, the change in voting results between the two referendums does not show a shift in the Quebec public ideology, but rather, a shift in population.…
Rather than having the mindset of surviving by being the minority to Canada, they saw themselves with an aggressive expression of Quebecois Nationalism as the majority in Quebec. This became quite the backdrop of decentralization for Federalism in the post war context as provinces are becoming increasingly more important. Post 1960 's Quebec nationalism aimed to protect and promote the French language and culture, to increase the powers of the provincial government, and to remove the English Canadian economic domination in the province. The most important aspect of the Quiet Revolution was the rise of the new Quebecois middle class of civil servants; (person in the public sector employed for a government department or agency). Upward mobility was difficult in the English dominated private sector, the new middle class used Quebec nationalism to further their goals in the expansion of the Quebec state.…
Social and political marginalization, as well as political turmoil most accurately, construe Canada’s inherent history of…
This was a significant symbol of their goal to separate from Canada. They were making the other countries aware of this as well. One of the most influential ways that Québec promoted separatism in its society was through art, music, and actors. Slowly, the Quiet Revolution turned into the Québec questions with English-speaking Canadians all over the nation asking, “What does Québec want?” Québec’s main goal was to crush English dominance, and separatists such as René Lévesque viewed full independence as the only solution.…
It is acting to make clear to kidnappers, revolutionaries and assassins that in this country laws are made and changed by the elected representatives of all Canadians -not by a handful of self-selected dictators. Those who gain power through terror rule through terror. The government is acting, therefore, to protect your life and your liberty” (Belanger). This statement, made by Pierre Elliot Trudeau, was a televised statement justifying the Prime Minister’s decision to declare the War Measures Act during the October Crisis of 1970. The October Crisis of 1970 was a civil war between the Canadian government and a separatist group, Le Front de Libération du Québec, otherwise known as the FLQ.…
Central to the separatist movement of the latter half of the twentieth century was the argument that Quebec needed to become an independent state in order to ensure the survival of the French language, uphold the integrity of Quebecois culture, and allow Quebec’s government to proficiently govern its own affairs. In the views of many, the fact that Quebec has managed to do these things in recent decades without sovereignty has diminished the need and legitimacy of calls for separation. In my opinion, these developments have indeed put to the lie the need for Quebec independence, for it is now apparent that independence is not a prerequisite of achieving these goals. That said, it does not necessarily put to the lie the legitimacy of independence, for the legitimacy of Quebec’s desire for independence is based on more than necessity alone. This essay will discuss how Quebec achieved each of the aforementioned feats without independence, in order…