1.1 Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (1). A chronic autoimmune disease due to pancreatic dysfunctions leading to a decrease of insulin production.
According to AACE Diabetes resource Centre T1DM is described as an autoimmune disorder that exhibits a catabolic function leading to a decrease in the plasma concentration of insulin and a compensatory elevated plasma glucagon and beta cell death that fails to respond to an insulin stimuli. The pancreas also present evidence of inflammatory infiltrates and beta cell destruction leading to insulin deficiency (2).
The treatment of type 1diabetes mellitus involves intensive insulin therapy (IIT) either the daily administration with multiple injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion via an insulin pump as well as conventional insulin therapy to control the glycemic levels of an individual with diabetes mellitus. IIT involve the actions to mimic the bodies normal pattern of insulin secretions by basal or bolus insulin coverage while conventional insulin treatment which involves three daily injections.The consequences of intensive insulin therapy involve excessive weight gain which increases the risk of cardiovascular …show more content…
To reduce this weight gain insulin doses needs to be gradually reduced until the optimal plasma glucose levels are achieved and avoid unhealthy snacks to control glucose levels without inducing weight gain (5). According to an article,Insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes--causes, effects and coping strategies,indicated that insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes is due to an unconscious increase in calorie intake, a defensive mechanism, to avoid hypoglycaemia
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) (1). A chronic autoimmune disease due to pancreatic dysfunctions leading to a decrease of insulin production.
According to AACE Diabetes resource Centre T1DM is described as an autoimmune disorder that exhibits a catabolic function leading to a decrease in the plasma concentration of insulin and a compensatory elevated plasma glucagon and beta cell death that fails to respond to an insulin stimuli. The pancreas also present evidence of inflammatory infiltrates and beta cell destruction leading to insulin deficiency (2).
The treatment of type 1diabetes mellitus involves intensive insulin therapy (IIT) either the daily administration with multiple injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion via an insulin pump as well as conventional insulin therapy to control the glycemic levels of an individual with diabetes mellitus. IIT involve the actions to mimic the bodies normal pattern of insulin secretions by basal or bolus insulin coverage while conventional insulin treatment which involves three daily injections.The consequences of intensive insulin therapy involve excessive weight gain which increases the risk of cardiovascular …show more content…
To reduce this weight gain insulin doses needs to be gradually reduced until the optimal plasma glucose levels are achieved and avoid unhealthy snacks to control glucose levels without inducing weight gain (5). According to an article,Insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes--causes, effects and coping strategies,indicated that insulin-associated weight gain in diabetes is due to an unconscious increase in calorie intake, a defensive mechanism, to avoid hypoglycaemia