These different explanations provide perspectives on what a concept means. Thus, these perspectives provide each student with a basis for developing his or her own understanding of the concept than if only one perspective is presented. Student learning improves when cooperative learning methods are used and discussion is a key feature. To be effective, students need to participate in interactive dialogue with the teacher and one another. Moreover, One of the significant strategies of collaborative teaching and learning is using formal cooperative learning methods in the classroom. Formal cooperative learning consists of students working together, for one class period to several weeks, to achieve shared learning goals and complete jointly specific tasks and assignments. Teachers should introduce students to academic controversy, which is a teaching approach that encourages students to take on and argue for both sides of a controversial issue and come up with a balanced opinion about that issue. Students work in pairs to become familiar with one side of an issue, and then debate with another pair who has become familiar with the opposing …show more content…
Traditionally, The learning environment has been viewed in terms of physical space and the teacher’s arrangement of facilities within the space. Recently, this view of learning environment has been expanded to include aspects of school and classroom climate including the interactions among students, and between teachers and students. This features the importance of matching between students’ preferred learning environments and their academic success. There are some important strategies of creating and organizing a positive learning environment. One significant strategy is that science teachers should teach students to think scientifically. Science teachers must understand science and use their understanding when they plan and teach science, and posses a broad understanding of the nature of science for many reasons. One important reason of understanding the nature of science is that to make accurate interpretations and coherent presentations of the discipline, and to prepare to use the strategy of promoting scientific thinking, thus teaching students how to think scientifically. Therefore, students should be taught a unit about the nature of science that address thinking and working the daily practices of scientists. Another significant reason of science