Link 2: Depression in Adolescence and Substance Abuse in Adulthood
Developmental Period: Adolescence
An adolescent who has developed depression throughout schooling, can serve as a major impact in adapting malignant behaviours. It is reported that by the age of 19, an estimated 28% of adolescence are expected to experience a major depressive episode (Lewinsohn, Rohde & Seeley, 1998). Experiencing depression in adolescence results in riskier consequences, for instance higher risks of academic difficulty, absences and dropping out (Zoloctor et al., 1999; Leiter and Johnsen, 1997). This causes adolescence to be more vulnerable to traumatic events later on in life, such as substance abuse (Buzi et al., 2007). Substance abuse is defined as the …show more content…
Clark et al., (1997) elaborated on the fact that females are more likely to experience the link between depression and substance abuse. In their study of 219 participants (females: n=99 and males: n=120), each were assessed in an interview via the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The study concluded that depression and PTSD had a strong link to substance use among females than males. Although Costello et al. (1999) and Henry et al., (1993), reached the assumption that there was a stronger association of depression and substance abuse in males. This may be due to the fact that internalising problems is more common among males, leading to states of depression and turning to drugs and alcohol. However, Marmorstein & Lacono (2003), showed no significant differences between genders in relation to onset depression and impending substance abuse. Further studies revolving around whether the effects of gender, impacts this pathway would be beneficial for future circumstances. This would help professionals determine appropriate treatment plans regarding a victim’s …show more content…
In 2007 to 2008 records revealed that in South Australia alone, a total of 20, 847 notifications of child abuse had been reported, with a country total of 317,526 (Phillips, 2009). However within that year throughout South Australia, only a total of 5,453 investigations were carried out by the states protection act (Phillips, 2009). According to figures Australia spends $4 billion on child abuse and neglect services, showing no apparent decline in cases throughout the years. Yet, there is little to no focus on child protection standards, with numerous children in out of home care not receiving the help they need, such as counselling or regular assessments (Goddard & Tucci,
Developmental Period: Adolescence
An adolescent who has developed depression throughout schooling, can serve as a major impact in adapting malignant behaviours. It is reported that by the age of 19, an estimated 28% of adolescence are expected to experience a major depressive episode (Lewinsohn, Rohde & Seeley, 1998). Experiencing depression in adolescence results in riskier consequences, for instance higher risks of academic difficulty, absences and dropping out (Zoloctor et al., 1999; Leiter and Johnsen, 1997). This causes adolescence to be more vulnerable to traumatic events later on in life, such as substance abuse (Buzi et al., 2007). Substance abuse is defined as the …show more content…
Clark et al., (1997) elaborated on the fact that females are more likely to experience the link between depression and substance abuse. In their study of 219 participants (females: n=99 and males: n=120), each were assessed in an interview via the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The study concluded that depression and PTSD had a strong link to substance use among females than males. Although Costello et al. (1999) and Henry et al., (1993), reached the assumption that there was a stronger association of depression and substance abuse in males. This may be due to the fact that internalising problems is more common among males, leading to states of depression and turning to drugs and alcohol. However, Marmorstein & Lacono (2003), showed no significant differences between genders in relation to onset depression and impending substance abuse. Further studies revolving around whether the effects of gender, impacts this pathway would be beneficial for future circumstances. This would help professionals determine appropriate treatment plans regarding a victim’s …show more content…
In 2007 to 2008 records revealed that in South Australia alone, a total of 20, 847 notifications of child abuse had been reported, with a country total of 317,526 (Phillips, 2009). However within that year throughout South Australia, only a total of 5,453 investigations were carried out by the states protection act (Phillips, 2009). According to figures Australia spends $4 billion on child abuse and neglect services, showing no apparent decline in cases throughout the years. Yet, there is little to no focus on child protection standards, with numerous children in out of home care not receiving the help they need, such as counselling or regular assessments (Goddard & Tucci,