Introduction
All animals can heal their wounds. However, some animals can even regenerate lost body parts. Questions have arisen such as, how does this process take place? What is necessary for these animals to perform this job? Experiments have shown that different animals regenerate in different ways. Some may be similar than others and it may have an impact on their lives. The purpose of regenerating tissues is to limit damage and loss of infection. The processes of tissue regeneration include inflammation, wound repair, and remodeling. However, regenerating limbs is a more complex process that involves creating new cells.
Flatworms
Planarians have the ability to regenerate into a complete animal from tiny fragments of their body in …show more content…
Proliferation of these cells are dependent upon the number of nerves present in the stump. (Aguilar et al 2015; Whited & Tabin 2009). If denervated limbs unsuccessfully regenerate, the wound will close outwardly, and the blastema will not proliferate enough. (Aguilar et al, 2015; Satoh et al 2010). Regeneration can be saved by cDNA coding of the protein, nAG (Whited & Tabin 2009). This protein replaces a nerve. Skin wounds without a deviated nerve and wounds of denervated limbs reform a basal lamina within few days after injury. However, the basal lamina under the apical epidermal cap does not reform until the end of regeneration (Aguilar & Gardiner 2015).
Humans
Wounding occurs when the epidermal layer is breached. (Yeng 2011) Depending on the depth of the injury, tissues that can be exposed to air including fibroblasts, blood vessels, facial connective tissue, cartilage, and bone. The normal mammalian response to injury occur in three stages: inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling. (Gurtner et al. 2008)
The first stage of wound healing is inflammation. Neutrophils come to the wound site minutes after injury. They clean away bacteria, debris, and secrete proinflammatory cytokines that activate fibroblasts and kertainocytes. (Yeng 2011) Days later, neutrophils are replaced by monocytes, and they dedifferentiate into microphages, which produce cytokines and growth factors needed for wound healing. (Gurtner et al. 2008; Yeng
All animals can heal their wounds. However, some animals can even regenerate lost body parts. Questions have arisen such as, how does this process take place? What is necessary for these animals to perform this job? Experiments have shown that different animals regenerate in different ways. Some may be similar than others and it may have an impact on their lives. The purpose of regenerating tissues is to limit damage and loss of infection. The processes of tissue regeneration include inflammation, wound repair, and remodeling. However, regenerating limbs is a more complex process that involves creating new cells.
Flatworms
Planarians have the ability to regenerate into a complete animal from tiny fragments of their body in …show more content…
Proliferation of these cells are dependent upon the number of nerves present in the stump. (Aguilar et al 2015; Whited & Tabin 2009). If denervated limbs unsuccessfully regenerate, the wound will close outwardly, and the blastema will not proliferate enough. (Aguilar et al, 2015; Satoh et al 2010). Regeneration can be saved by cDNA coding of the protein, nAG (Whited & Tabin 2009). This protein replaces a nerve. Skin wounds without a deviated nerve and wounds of denervated limbs reform a basal lamina within few days after injury. However, the basal lamina under the apical epidermal cap does not reform until the end of regeneration (Aguilar & Gardiner 2015).
Humans
Wounding occurs when the epidermal layer is breached. (Yeng 2011) Depending on the depth of the injury, tissues that can be exposed to air including fibroblasts, blood vessels, facial connective tissue, cartilage, and bone. The normal mammalian response to injury occur in three stages: inflammation, tissue formation, and remodeling. (Gurtner et al. 2008)
The first stage of wound healing is inflammation. Neutrophils come to the wound site minutes after injury. They clean away bacteria, debris, and secrete proinflammatory cytokines that activate fibroblasts and kertainocytes. (Yeng 2011) Days later, neutrophils are replaced by monocytes, and they dedifferentiate into microphages, which produce cytokines and growth factors needed for wound healing. (Gurtner et al. 2008; Yeng