To attack a piece of accepted knowledge is bold to say the least, and here Descartes’ focus is to better justify how one can credibly dispute anything. The idea of cutting an idea by the roots, as the tree metaphor is prominent, is new but also the way that is most effective in differentiating from the reality of life. Descartes poses the idea that as much as one can fool themselves to believe they are not dreaming, it is never certain whether we are in a physical conscious state. This idea is rather perplexing as, when looked deeper into, holds no faults. It can be said that any physical senses are not present in the dream state, but it is not necessarily true to everyone. When something traumatic occurs in a dream state, it is still
