Bollinger case was an issue concerning the University of Michigan’s undergraduate admissions. They were awarding black, Hispanic, and American-Indian applicants 20 points to allow them into the university. There reasoning was to create a “diverse educational environment” (Milestone). This was declared unconstitutional to a 5-4 vote with Sandra Day O’Connor being the swing voter with Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer.
In 2006, the Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of Northern New England was brought to the Supreme Court’s attention. This case was to challenge a New Hampshire law stating that prohibits doctors from performing abortions on a minor until exactly 2 days after a parent has been notified. This law was declared unconstitutional in a unanimous vote stating they cannot refuse to perform an abortion in case of a medical emergency. Another abortion case was brought up in 2007, the Gonzales v. Carhart case. This decision was made to uphold the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, which made it illegal to perform an intact dilation and extraction form of abortion, not taking the mother’s health into consideration. Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer dissented but lost with a 5-4 vote.