Ted Feinberg and Nicole Robey suggest that “cyberbullying also may be worse than face-to-face bullying because people feel shielded from the consequences of their actions and often say things online that they would not in person”(p.29). The effects are greater online because bullies use harsher content in their attacks. Victims of cyberbullying are often subject to psychological damage because the hurtful information can be transmitted broadly and can be difficult to get rid of it. After victimization, common psychological issues are fear and anxiety but issues can range to more serious ones, like suicide attempts. Akbulut and Cuhadar(2011) states that “the anonymity of the perpetrators and the ambiguity of the extent of their power increased the fear and anxiety”(p.72). When the victim does not know who the bully is, they have no way of retaliation and cannot control what will happen next. Paranoia is developed because the victim is anxious to know who the anonymous bully is and if they will strike again. The victims fear causes them to not trust other people and therefore, isolate themselves. This isolation often results in the victim’s school attendance rate to drop and in turn, their grades become affected. Cyberbullying is directly correlated to the victim’s lower self-esteem. Self-esteem is a perception of one’s belief of their personal value and can be based on …show more content…
The first line of defense against cyberbullying comes from the victim. It is important that the victims of cyberbullying know, ahead of time, about “the risks of about technology” so that they will be more prepared about how to react to it (McDowell, 2011, para.5). Students should also limit the amount of personal information that is on the internet. Limiting their personal information can reduce the chances of a bully accessing and reposting your personal information online. Limiting personal information can be very difficult at times though, because social networks and email websites often ask for this information before you register an account. After a victim has experienced cyberbullying, studies showed that “a considerable number of victims did nothing against bullying but wait till the incident was over”(Akbulut & Cuhadar, 2010, p. 73). However, the victim has other options such as retaliation or discontinuing interaction with the bully. Retaliation is not recommended by the National Cyber Alert System because “responding with hostility is likely to provoke a bully and escalate the situation (McDowell, 2011, para. 9). Instead of hostile retaliation, social networking and email websites are now offering a means of discontinuing interaction with the bully. For example, Facebook and Twitter have an option to block individuals or groups from seeing someone’s