2.1 Test materials: The essential oils of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) rhizomes, Pogostemon heyneanus (Lamiaceae) leaves and Zanthoxylum limonella (Rutaceae) fruits were obtained from a commercial oil extraction plant in Assam, India. DMP was supplied by High Purity chemicals, New Delhi, India while DEPA was obtained from Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India. Four concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 30%) of the essential oils, their mixtures, DEPA and DMP were prepared in sunflower oil, which has no mosquito repellency as per laboratory trials. Laboratory trials mixtures of essential oils were prepared in different ratio as per the results of the preliminary trials.
2.2 Laboratory trials: Repellent test chambers (30 x …show more content…
The CPT given by P. heyneanus were 23.2 (5%), 49.2 (10%), 123.4 (20%) and 125.2 (30%) minutes whereas the corresponding values for Z. limonella were 19.6, 40.8, 91.4 and 103.2 respectively. Although Pogostemon heyneannus essential oil has provided slightly higher complete protection time (CPT) in comparison to Curcuma longa and Zanthioxylum limonella the increase in protection time was not statistically significant (p …show more content…
against mosquitoes [10]. Rajnikant and Bhatt [11] reported more than 75% protection against culicine and 89-98% protection against A. culicifacies and A. fluviatilis with 2% neem oil while Mishra et al. [12] reported 81-91% protection for 12 hours with 3 and 4% neem oil in coconut oil base. Similarly, Das et al., [13] reported 7.4, 6.5 and 4.4 hour protection against mosquitoes with 60% (0.57mg/cm2) concentration of essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum (fruits), Curcuma aromatica (rhizomes) and Azadirachta indica (seed) respectively in mustard oil in field conditions. The petroleum ether extract of Vicoa indica, Buddleja asiatica, Chenopodium ambrosoids, Chlerodendrum inerme and methanol extract of Solanum erinthum gave 3 hours protection against mosquitoes at 9% concentration [14]. Young-Cheol et al. [15] reported that the methanol extract of Cinnnamomum cassia bark, Nardostachys chinensis rhizome, Paeonia suffruticosa root bark and steam distillate of Cinamomum camphora gave 91, 81, 80 and 94% protection against the bites of Aedes aegypti respectively at the dose of 0.1mg/cm2 which was comparable to DEET (82%) but the duration of extract from C. cassia bark and N. chinensis rhizome lasted for about 1 hour and relatively short duration of repellency (30 min) was observed in P. suffruticosa root bark extract and C. comphora steam distillate. Lantana
2.2 Laboratory trials: Repellent test chambers (30 x …show more content…
The CPT given by P. heyneanus were 23.2 (5%), 49.2 (10%), 123.4 (20%) and 125.2 (30%) minutes whereas the corresponding values for Z. limonella were 19.6, 40.8, 91.4 and 103.2 respectively. Although Pogostemon heyneannus essential oil has provided slightly higher complete protection time (CPT) in comparison to Curcuma longa and Zanthioxylum limonella the increase in protection time was not statistically significant (p …show more content…
against mosquitoes [10]. Rajnikant and Bhatt [11] reported more than 75% protection against culicine and 89-98% protection against A. culicifacies and A. fluviatilis with 2% neem oil while Mishra et al. [12] reported 81-91% protection for 12 hours with 3 and 4% neem oil in coconut oil base. Similarly, Das et al., [13] reported 7.4, 6.5 and 4.4 hour protection against mosquitoes with 60% (0.57mg/cm2) concentration of essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum (fruits), Curcuma aromatica (rhizomes) and Azadirachta indica (seed) respectively in mustard oil in field conditions. The petroleum ether extract of Vicoa indica, Buddleja asiatica, Chenopodium ambrosoids, Chlerodendrum inerme and methanol extract of Solanum erinthum gave 3 hours protection against mosquitoes at 9% concentration [14]. Young-Cheol et al. [15] reported that the methanol extract of Cinnnamomum cassia bark, Nardostachys chinensis rhizome, Paeonia suffruticosa root bark and steam distillate of Cinamomum camphora gave 91, 81, 80 and 94% protection against the bites of Aedes aegypti respectively at the dose of 0.1mg/cm2 which was comparable to DEET (82%) but the duration of extract from C. cassia bark and N. chinensis rhizome lasted for about 1 hour and relatively short duration of repellency (30 min) was observed in P. suffruticosa root bark extract and C. comphora steam distillate. Lantana