Analysis Of Marcel Mauss The Gift

Improved Essays
This essay will critically analyze Marcel Mauss’ The Gift findings and theories about the honor, gift, and concept of “pure” or "free" gifts in the absence of an agenda. In doing so, he will integrate the use of these ideas and notions by the variety of writing theorists into the contemporary issues of using gifts and exchanging and sharing in the modern societies. However The Gift received a lot of criticism when it seems confronted with some of the assumptions incompatible with modern-practices. Though focusing on ancient societies, and trying to show it in the whole essay in a balanced way, how can we use Mauss’ ideas permanently when analyzing certain aspects of economic systems and sharing gifts in modern times?
According to Mauss, there
…show more content…
With most practices and the rituals of giving gifts to an array of communities, as “it is not individuals but collectivities that impose obligations of exchange” (Mauss 6) practicing the gifts and motives behind them could vary. Continually changing, Mauss persists for us, a constant resumption of the responsibility to offer the same gifts. The worth of the return gift is imperative in order to maintain associations amongst all parties involved. Interestingly enough, Mauss says that, “even when, in the gesture accompanying the transaction, there is only a polite fiction, formalism, and social deceit, and when really there is obligation and economic self-interest.” …show more content…
For instance, in German terminology along with Hinduism, words can be compared to complications that are not located in a sense without re-evaluating these words. “The recipient puts himself in a position of dependence vis-à-vis the donor.” (Mauss 76) Much of the information requires a careful translation by the booklover to gain a complete consideration of the emblematic implications. Though, it must be illustrated that the attempts of Mauss’ simply translation of the symbolic source and the connotation behind the unknown words, when it is necessary to distinguish between the "gift" of classification.
From the duty to give the gifts, one could moreover explore the symbolic character of generosity. Giving the wedding gifts of the German communities, Mauss offers a solid instance of this representation by observing the significance behind the custom of offering, It is common knowledge that men present themselves publicly by the conspicuous presentation if gifts. Generous contributions to a charity have always been a source of prestige in the United States…especially…when individuals rather than corporations make such gestures.

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Christopher Hauch explores the culture surrounding Skid Row in Winnipeg and he discovers that the economy that has formed among the habitants of Skid Row was very similar to that of foraging groups, such as the Ju/’hoansi. Among Skid Row and other foraging societies, both the Ju/’hoansi and the residents of Skid Row share the characteristics of generalized reciprocation, although some of the functions of the exchanges differ; and they also share similar environments in which they survive. Foraging societies tend to practice a type of reciprocity that takes no account for the values or a time frame in which to return the gift, and sharing is amongst an exclusive group; the culture in Skid Row contains these same characteristics. When a habitant…

    • 419 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Steuart Vs. Smith

    • 1120 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Smith identifies the propensity to exchange as innate in human beings. He illustrates that because people are self-interested they will seek to appeal to other’s self-interests in the pursuit of their own interests to get what is most advantageous to them. In other words, people want to help themselves but to do so they need others thus people have an innate propensity to…

    • 1120 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In public places, we are often told to be wary and cautious. We are told that we never know who the person sitting next to us actually is. For all we know they could be a wanted criminal or a very important person. So we usually mind our business then talking to others or helping them. In the story ‘Gate A-4’ by Naomi Shihab Nye, Naomi’s plane is delayed and she decides to help a palestinian woman in a wary and cautious situation at airport gate.…

    • 1424 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    As a Polish Jew, Vladek Spiegelman, the main narrator of the Maus series and the author’s father, was sent through concentration camps during World War II and had to undergo many difficult situations along with other Jews in the same situation who were shunned by German Nazis. Vladek and other Jews are portrayed as mice in the author’s illustrations, with the Germans being depicted as cats, representing how Jews were seen as vermin and thought to be inferior to the Germans, who were the “vicious predators”. Throughout his life spent in the concentration camps, Vladek looked for opportunities to use his wide array of skills and resourcefulness to impress the Nazis, in hopes of ultimately receiving better treatment. Although he was able to live through these challenging times, the events he experienced ultimately dominated his entire life and behavior for years following the end of the Holocaust. He is portrayed as a man with his own racial prejudices even though he, too was a victim of racist beliefs.…

    • 637 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The books Maus I and Maus II are graphic biographical memoir of the life of Artie Spiegelman father Vladek Spiegelman, and his mother Anja Spiegelman. Artie, who authored the oral history memoir, is a child of the two Polish Jews who survived the mouse and cat game of historical genocide Holocaust, which was a systemic persecution and coordinated murder of millions of Jews and other targeted groups by Nazis regime (Maus II, 45). The father experience of Auschwitz is the other focus of the story (45). Spiegelman’ mother, Anja committed suicide in 1968, whereupon his father, Vladek Spiegelman burned Anja’ diaries. The author uses the work to uncover the view of the Holocaust and how such event changed individuals’ experiences and societal effects…

    • 1230 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    How does Spiegelman’s use of contrasting shading methods, specific metaphors, and vivid symbolism in Maus show not only the views of the Nazis of the Jews, but how the Jews ended up viewing themselves. Spiegelman’s use of shading portrays the loss of identity, sets the scene, and shows the guilt that Valdek felt during and after the Holocaust. On pages 51, 55, and 58, Spiegelman uses the pattern of prison stripes on the faces of the mice to portray a sense of loss of individuality. It is normal for the clothes of prisoners to have stripes on them, but when Spiegelman expands that pattern onto the full bodies of the Jews, it makes the reader understand the sense of lost individuality the Jews felt since the reader can’t tell the mice apart from…

    • 1360 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    By accepting a gift, the receiver perpetually becomes indebted to the giver, and has a moral obligation to return the gift in another…

    • 1129 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “It is more blessed to give than to receive.” This commonly used saying, from Acts 20:35, is displayed numerous times in Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird. Generosity is defined as “the act of being kind and generous.” Although each time generosity is displayed the motive behind the gesture is slightly different, each time someone wanted to bless another.…

    • 644 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    According to French sociologist Marcel Mauss, the ‘gift’ is the form and reason behind the exchange in societies. He focused on how exchange of objects, or as he liked to…

    • 866 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the “The Phenomenology of Gift Giving”, Helmuth Berking (1999), the author, explores the causes and mechanisms of gift – giving as a social practice. He maintains that the gift – giving is an essential part of reciprocal communication between individuals. Berking also suggests that both the gift and reciprocation to it corresponds to the established structure and character of human relations in a community. Berking (1999) starts by pointing out that gift – giving as a practice transferred from a political and economic sphere into the area of personal relations.…

    • 777 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Social Exchange Theory

    • 1630 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Roloff, presents a series of norms in the Social Exchange Theory, and there are four that we adhere to. First, the norms of reciprocity, which dictates whether resources must be exactly the same or just similar. Norms of reciprocity “refer to how the initiation of giving resources starts. People may initiate a relationship and give resources without any expectation of return” (Heath and Bryant, 2000, p. 232). For instance, when we first became friends, I would lend Jeremy VHS tapes and he would lend some to me in return.…

    • 1630 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Richard Sosis is an anthropology research professor with interests in human behavioral ecology. In his article, The Adaptive Value of Religious Ritual, Sosis questions the logic and purpose of the religious acts and rituals from around the world. Sosis looks deeper into the fundamental reasons for the rituals and how it affects the selected community as a whole and its benefits of overall survival. Sosis argues that the group cooperation that is found in these religious ceremonies creates trust and commitment within these groups, and this "membership" reveals who is worthy of this trust and commitment.…

    • 707 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In conclusion, Modern society and The Giver's society…

    • 1169 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Maus” by Art Spiegelman is a compelling and masterful story of survival told by Art’s father, Vladek Spiegelman. A Jew that lived in Poland during World War II. Vladek’s accounts are recorded and published in an odd manner. Instead of the traditional biography of a Holocaust survivor, like the Elle Wiesel’s “Night,” “Maus” was made into a comic book. Not only was “Maus” a comic book, but the characters are rendered very uniquely.…

    • 857 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Concept Of Oloa

    • 1080 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Big round eyes devoid of life stare directly at me. The body lays stiff, unanimated by the pounds of stuffing and the absence of senses. It’s brown fur rubs across my hand as I hold it’s existence. With paws facing forward and the tail posterior to the body, my dog plush was displaying it’s anatomical position. A gift given from my grandmother, my plush’s defining feature was it’s oversized black muzzle and the minute tongue that permeated through.…

    • 1080 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays