Crisis Intervention

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Healthcare professionals deal with violent outbreaks on a regular basis, and must be trained to manage such problems and violent behaviours. Crisis intervention programs are designed to teach staff intervention protocol, forms of verbal de-escalation, protective physical positioning, and physical containments or restraints, all without inducing harm on the target individual or surrounding people. These training programs are readily seen in a number of professional fields that often encounters people of violent nature, such as in police services,
(private) school system, and healthcare settings. In fact, it is so crucial for these professionals to have basic crisis intervention skills that many agencies mandate their service professionals to
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One exception was a study done by Rice, M., Helzel, M.,
Varney, G., & Quiney, V. (1985) which examined improvements in various domains after a 5- day course designed to train psychiatric hospital staff verbal and physical methods of preventing violence and injury. The study involved 89 staffs from maximum, minimum, and lesser security prison units (Rice, 1985). Compared to no-treatment controls, experimental subjects improved significantly on four tests of knowledge and skill: The Sensitive Situations Skill Test, The
Audiotape Simulations Test, The Physical Skill Test, and The Self-Defense and Patient Restraint
Written Test. Questionnaire and self-report measures from staff and patients on the training wards also indicated positive effects from training. Furthermore there was an immediate decrease in assault frequencies in experimental subjects after the course. This is the only known study that examined the effectiveness of a crisis intervention based program using a control and experimental group; the study showed that improvements was due the training program and not
extraneous
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In addition to teaching knowledge about recognizing an imminent danger, training in de-escalation techniques is also a key feature of many crisis
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intervention program (Price, 2012). These techniques are designed to reduce violent and/or disruptive behaviour. They are intended to reduce/eliminate the risk of violence during the escalation phase, through the use of verbal and non-verbal communication skills. Many training programs acknowledge that verbal de-escalation skills is of the most importance and should be used before physical containments or restraints (Price, 2012). Yet, many service

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