Creatine Kinase, also known as creatine phosphokinase, has extensively used to identify and observe the muscle disease. It is present in higher concentration in serum in reply to muscle insult and is the most delicate sign of muscle injury, which gives a precise estimate of progression of muscle injury (Bohlmeyer TJ et al.1994).It is found mainly in the myofibrils, mitochondrial membrane and the muscle cytoplasm (Bessman SP and Carpenter CL, 1985).
CK is a dimer molecule, and composed of two subunits, CK-M (muscle type) and CK-B (brain type) and has three recognisable isoenzymes as described by Mark A et al.(2012) which are termed as:
• CK-BB (CK1)
Brain tissue contains 100 % of CK1. CK-1 (BB) is mostly found in higher concentrations in the brain, smooth muscle and also present in neuronal cells, retina, kidney and bone. CK-1 is also raised in head injury patients, in neonates, and in carcinoma of …show more content…
It is found elevated in muscle damage of the heart, brain, or skeletal muscle following crush injury, in seizures, muscular dystrophy and inflammation, or also a disorder of skeletal muscle.
Electrophoresis technique is used to separate and measure these isoenzymes. CK-BB isoenzyme drifts toward to anode at pH 8.6, on the other hand, CK-MM moves cathodic. Another CK is also present and termed as CK-Mt, its present in mitochondria (Frederick V. Plapp.2017).
Other than these three CK isoenzymes, electrophoresis can also detect two types of macro-CK which includes
Macro-CK Type I
It is a network of immunoglobulin, usually IgG, and CK-BB that relocate between CK-MM and CK-MB. It is found mainly in senior women and causes a constant rise of plasma CK activity because the vast complex is not cleared.
Macro-CK Type II
Mainly constitute mitochondrial CK that drift slightly cathodic of MM. It is primarily found in very sick patients such as a patient with liver disease, malignancies or hypoxic
CK is a dimer molecule, and composed of two subunits, CK-M (muscle type) and CK-B (brain type) and has three recognisable isoenzymes as described by Mark A et al.(2012) which are termed as:
• CK-BB (CK1)
Brain tissue contains 100 % of CK1. CK-1 (BB) is mostly found in higher concentrations in the brain, smooth muscle and also present in neuronal cells, retina, kidney and bone. CK-1 is also raised in head injury patients, in neonates, and in carcinoma of …show more content…
It is found elevated in muscle damage of the heart, brain, or skeletal muscle following crush injury, in seizures, muscular dystrophy and inflammation, or also a disorder of skeletal muscle.
Electrophoresis technique is used to separate and measure these isoenzymes. CK-BB isoenzyme drifts toward to anode at pH 8.6, on the other hand, CK-MM moves cathodic. Another CK is also present and termed as CK-Mt, its present in mitochondria (Frederick V. Plapp.2017).
Other than these three CK isoenzymes, electrophoresis can also detect two types of macro-CK which includes
Macro-CK Type I
It is a network of immunoglobulin, usually IgG, and CK-BB that relocate between CK-MM and CK-MB. It is found mainly in senior women and causes a constant rise of plasma CK activity because the vast complex is not cleared.
Macro-CK Type II
Mainly constitute mitochondrial CK that drift slightly cathodic of MM. It is primarily found in very sick patients such as a patient with liver disease, malignancies or hypoxic