The authors purpose is to determine the cost of crimes by examining the pain, suffering, and fear caused to the crime victims. Today, criminal activities have affected the cost to society. The state, local, and federal governments spend an estimate of $35 billion annually for community protection, public defenders, and correctional supervision (Miller, Cohen, & Rossman, 1987). Other out-of-pocket expenses includes household items such as locks, burglar alarms, watchdogs, etc. The study estimates the risk of injuries and death of the victims. The cost for rape victims is $51,058 considering personal injuries, victims of robbery estimates cost is $12,594, assault victims $12,208, and to larceny victims $181, including motor vehicle theft cost
