Coronary Angioplasty Research Paper

Coronary angioplasty is a medical procedure which opens up blocked blood vessels thereby restoring blood flow to the heart muscle.38 Angioplasty procedures take place at the area of thigh or the arm which is shaved to prevent the bacterial infection. The area is then cleaned with the special antibacterial agent and covered with sterile drapes to prevent infection. A numbing medication, local anesthetic drug lidocaine is injected into the skin over the blood vessel of the thigh or an arm, keeping the area pain-free. The blood vessel is punctured with a needle and a thin guide wire is inserted into the artery and advanced towards the blocked segment of the coronary artery. Then, a long, thin plastic tube called a catheter is passed over the guidewire towards the blocked segment of the coronary artery. A deflated balloon is placed at the tip of the catheter. Inflation of the balloon at the blocked segment of the artery pushes or compresses the plague deposition, which allows the arteries to open up. The balloon is then deflated and removed.
A Stent: A stent is a tiny slender, expandable metal tube that fits inside the blood vessel once it has been widened using the angioplasty procedures to prevent the re-narrowing of the arteries.38 To …show more content…
Blood vessels used for the bypass surgery must be pieces of a vein from a leg or an artery from a chest or wrist. Cardiologist stitches one end of the artery above the blockage and the other end of the artery below the blockage facilitated using suturing techniques. Blood bypasses the blockage by travelling through the new graft to reach the heart muscle. This is called coronary artery bypass