The Conventional Model of Health and Disease is founded upon the division between individuals and risk factors and how both contribute to the concept of health. Individuals have innate characteristics which determine an individual’s degree of susceptibility or resilience to various health threats. In addition, a set of factors exists to interact with the individual, these factors are usually considered possible threats to health, or better known as risks which include health behaviours or environmental aspects. Moreover, genetic predisposition or prior exposure to risk may determine an individual’s degree of susceptibility. The basis for this approach lies in a theory created in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A more primitive
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This report opted to take a stance which stated that healthcare services and improved living conditions could not be solely relied upon as the main methods for improving health. Moreover, A New Perspective called attention to encompass both social and contextual influences that had arisen from quick urbanization and modernization; factors concerning social change and new stresses. Following the 1974 report, a 1986 report; Achieving Health for All (A framework for health promotion), further evolved the Alternative View. The Alternative View now merged social and mental well-being into what defined health, as opposed to focussing on physical well-being. Furthermore, defining health was to become the responsibility of individuals and communities as their freedom of choice was now recognized. Additionally, social determinants of health were acknowledged as factors which influence how individuals are able to make choices as there are multiple factors, beyond just biological ones, limiting the amount and variety of choices an individual can make to enhance their health. With these determinants acknowledged, Achieving Health for All pinpointed two major health goals; to decrease health inequities among various income levels and to prevent injury and disease. As social determinants were primary aspects in producing health disparities, health education progressed to a health promotion framework which sought to encourage healthy choices and enable collaboration between governments, communities, and organizations to implement policies. Policies were to aid in forming healthier social and physical environments, thereby increasing access and opportunities; giving means for individuals to make healthier
This report opted to take a stance which stated that healthcare services and improved living conditions could not be solely relied upon as the main methods for improving health. Moreover, A New Perspective called attention to encompass both social and contextual influences that had arisen from quick urbanization and modernization; factors concerning social change and new stresses. Following the 1974 report, a 1986 report; Achieving Health for All (A framework for health promotion), further evolved the Alternative View. The Alternative View now merged social and mental well-being into what defined health, as opposed to focussing on physical well-being. Furthermore, defining health was to become the responsibility of individuals and communities as their freedom of choice was now recognized. Additionally, social determinants of health were acknowledged as factors which influence how individuals are able to make choices as there are multiple factors, beyond just biological ones, limiting the amount and variety of choices an individual can make to enhance their health. With these determinants acknowledged, Achieving Health for All pinpointed two major health goals; to decrease health inequities among various income levels and to prevent injury and disease. As social determinants were primary aspects in producing health disparities, health education progressed to a health promotion framework which sought to encourage healthy choices and enable collaboration between governments, communities, and organizations to implement policies. Policies were to aid in forming healthier social and physical environments, thereby increasing access and opportunities; giving means for individuals to make healthier