Constitutional Law: Constitutional Amendment And Miranda Law

Improved Essays
Constitutional Amendment and Miranda October 28, 2015
Argosy University, Atlanta
Hicks, Sandra, Student

Constitutional Amendment and Miranda

The Supreme Court case law makes up the majority of what is called, The Constitutional Law and according to the rule of stare decis, the judges must make decisions that are directed by cases that were previously settled.
The Bill of Rights and its’ amendments to the Constitution were developed to protect the rights and the freedom of every individual in the United States. The Constitutions and Miranda Law is a major factor of Interrogation and Interviewing. It truly dictates that protection and the legality of the interview
…show more content…
According the U.S Constitution a suspect Sixth Amendment is right to counsel is that any evidence obtained through such a violation cannot be used in court. The Constitution Amendment states:
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defense.

The Sixth Amendment objects to law enforcement officers from deliberately eliciting incriminating information from a suspect if there is no attorney present after a formal criminal charge against the suspect has been filed (Massiah v. U.S 1964). This means that regardless of the time or place and officer cannot questioned the suspect without his attorney about a crime for which he or she has been
…show more content…
However, the interrogator can interrogate the suspect about unrelated crimes.

Fourteenth Amendment
A person’s rights, privileges, citizenship; as well as due process and equal protection is considered, The Fourteenth Amendment. This Amendment prohibits the states from denying any U.S citizen the rights that are guaranteed to them under the U.S Constitution. These rules are equally applied through federal and state police officers action. The Fourteenth Amendment states:
All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.
No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States, nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty or property with due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

The Exclusionary

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    While the Fourteenth Amendment establishes due process and equal protection of the law. The Garrity Rights begin in New Jersey when two law enforcement officers were being investigated. These two officers were given the choice to either incriminate themselves or to loss their jobs under a statute on the grounds of self-incrimination. The confessions of the officers were taken; however, their confession was not voluntary, but coerced as they were under the impression that they would lose their jobs if they did not cooperate with the internal investigation. The purpose of this case study is to determine whether these officers’ Fifth and Fourteenth…

    • 906 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Salinas Vs Texas Summary

    • 441 Words
    • 2 Pages

    CASE BRIEF Case Name – Salinas v. Texas, 570 U.S. 12 (2013) Facts – Genovevo Salinas, the petitioner, who was not in custody or read Miranda warnings, agreed to go to the police station to answer questions regarding involvement in a murder. When petitioner was asked if ballistic testing would match ammunition casings found at the scene, he remained silent. Petitioner contended that the prosecutors’ use of his silence to indicate guilt violated his Fifth Amendment rights. Procedural History – The petitioner was charged in Texas state court with murder.…

    • 441 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Goss Vs Lopez Case Study

    • 670 Words
    • 3 Pages

    MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD FROM: AFCW/CS-30 SUBJECT: FIRAC -- Goss v. Lopez References: GOSS v. LOPEZ. Supreme Court of the United States. N.d. Print. 1.…

    • 670 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Once a state has created a law and it has been determined to be constitutional, the enforcement process lends itself to judicial scrutiny when brought before the court. When the process of enforcement and the discovery of evidence have been put into motion, the circumstance surrounding how law enforcement came into contact with the accused is one of the first things reviewed - much of the initial interaction is based on the enforcement of State laws, which cascades into protected rights when the enforcement effort starts, or elements of a crime have been discovered. Since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights applies the Federal Government, and the Fourteenth Amendment’s Due Process Clause makes the Bill of Rights applicable…

    • 312 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Under the public safety exception, where officers engage in a custodial interrogation before Miranda warnings, and if reasonably prompted by a concern for the public safety or the safety of the arresting officers, a suspect’s statements are admissible as evidence. (New York v. Quarles (1984) 476 U.S. 656 (holding that the need for answers to questions in a situation posing a threat to the public safety outweighs the need for the prophylactic rule protecting the Fifth Amendment’s privilege against self-incrimination).) In essence, an officer must have a reasonable need to protect the public or themselves from immediate danger. Id. Moreover, the applicability of the public safety exception is not dependent upon the subjective motivation of the questioning officer.…

    • 572 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    They also both limit the power of the federal and state governments by not allowing them to discriminate against citizens. The 5th amendment describes the federal standpoint on rights and the 14th deals with state government’s side. The 5th amendment involves equal protection and ensuring that no person can be detained in jail for a felony crime without a grand jury indictment, tried for same crime twice or forced to testify against themselves. All these things deal with due process and the assurance of fair and reasonable legal proceedings (Baumeyer, n.d.). A person can’t be deprived of life, liberty, or the pursuit of happiness without due process.…

    • 727 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Miranda Rights help protect citizens fifth and sixth amendments. The fifth amendment protects citizens from being forced to be witness against himself, while the sixth amendment assures that those arrested have a right to a public and speedy trial (Doc E). Together, the fifth amendment protects against self-incrimination and the sixth amendment assures that those arrested can not be held in jail indefinitely. The Miranda Warning read by officers specifically states that after one is made aware of their Miranda Rights, any confession or statements can be used against oneself lawfully (Doc J). Consequently, the Miranda ruling assures that one is fully aware of their rights and are also aware of the consequences if they choose to self-incriminate after being read their…

    • 799 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    History Of Dual Federalism

    • 1288 Words
    • 5 Pages

    1. Chart the changes in federalism throughout American history. What was dual federalism? How was governmental power distributed under this system? How did the Great Depression lead to the decline in dual federalism?…

    • 1288 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The investigators found a written confession admitting the offense. However, the police officers who arrested Miranda did not advise him to have an attorney during the interrogation. Even though the court charged Miranda for the crimes, the appeal in the Supreme Court of Arizona found no violation of his constitutional rights since he failed to request counsel. The amendment in check was the Fifth Amendment. D. 419 U.S. 565 Goss v. Lopez Argued: October 16, 1974 Decided: January 22,…

    • 711 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Selective Incorporation

    • 1029 Words
    • 5 Pages

    While the ideal example of a democracy places the decisions of government in citizen’s hands, the United States rarely does as such. For example, the Supreme Court, while influenced by public approval and public opinion, isolates itself from the media and public in two specific ways. Its Justices, appointed by the president, are indirect methods for people to get what they want from the highest branch of the Judiciary Branch. Similar to the method and processes used to elect a president through the Electoral College, the Supreme Court works in a way that places the power of the government in educated individuals’ hands as opposed to the direct power of votes in an election for a state governor. It indirectly allows people to influence Court…

    • 1029 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The U.S. Constitution was established to give an understanding of the principles and the laws of the nation. The U.S. Constitution contains twenty-seven amendments. The first ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights was created to protect rights of citizens of the United States and balance the power of the government. The four amendments of the Bill of Rights that deal with criminal procedure are the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments.…

    • 1229 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Fifth Amendment

    • 857 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Arizona, which ruled that the inculpatory and exculpatory evidence brought against a defendant at trial is only admissible if the defendant has been informed of his right against self-incrimination as well as his right to consult with an attorney. This Supreme Court decision was brought about by the conviction of Ernesto Miranda, who provided a confession to police without being informed of his right to counsel and his right to remain silent. The Arizona State Supreme Court upheld the conviction, but the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that because he had not been informed of his rights, his rights had not been properly upheld. The key to this decision is the distinction between an informed waiving of those rights, and an uninformed waiving of those rights. If a person is convicted based on self-incrimination, the prosecution must be able to prove that they were explicitly aware of and subsequently waived their rights.…

    • 857 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Life without Parole Violates Juveniles’ Rights In a 5-4 decision the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that life without parole for juvenile offenders convicted of homicide is cruel and unusual punishment. The Eighth Amendment states “Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted” (U.S. Constitution, 1787). Alabama and Arkansas are two states whose court decisions were overturned due to the U.S. Supreme Court ruling. The Eighth Amendment puts limits on how severely a juvenile’s sentence can be.…

    • 1733 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Decent Essays

    However, the Fifth Amendment, the procedural rights are stating that no person should be held on any capital or infamous crime unless they have been issued an indictment from the grand jury. A person shall not be subject for the same offense or double jeopardy to be twice put in jeopardy. Which means a person cannot be tried again for the same crime once they have been found not guilty. The accused is protected against self-incrimination, in other words, the defendants cannot be forced…

    • 493 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The 5thAmendment of the Constitution states that a person shall not “be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself”. This includes oral or written confessions during questioning. An individual cannot self incriminate. This is important because interrogations are stressful for any individual whether they are guilty or innocent. The statements the individual may make can be misconstrued and make the police believe that there was a crime committed, or if an individual gives a misstatement the police can view that as a lie.…

    • 1883 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays