The first written Constitution of United States was the Article of Confederation written in 1777 and ratified by the states four years after. It was helpful for coordinating the War of Independence. After the War for Independence most Americans could feel the weakness of Confederation government because it wasn’t able to regulate and control as it was supposed to do; moreover, the Congress was lacking a secure source of revenue to support new economy. It was very week government, where Congress couldn’t collect taxes, no executive brunch or one national court system were exist, overall it was system lucking any national unity. With the Congress inability to act properly the states themselves started to take action to regulate on their own by imposing high taxes on farmers and other people making them going into debts and eventually all this lead to a famous Shay’s rebellion. The need for new Constitution was obvious and the last session of the Constitutional Convention took place on September 17, 1787, where the final draft was finished in order to pass new laws nine out of thirteen states were must to agree but it was not perfect and satisfying to all states and caused debates between federalists and antifederalists.
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Federalists supported the idea of one central government but Anti-Federalists opposed ratification. They argued that the republic had to be small and warned that the Constitution would result in a government of oppression. They were afraid that Constitution will not guarantee the rights of ordinary people. They pointed on the luck of a Bill of Rights in the Constitution which makes Americans unprotected of basic rights such us freedom of speech. In order for a final constitution to be proposed, a series of compromises were needed to be done. There were two main questions to address the representation question and the slavery question. So the first compromise that needed to be done was a Great Compromise, addressing the disagreement between the Virginia and New Jersey plans. Virginia plan was based on the idea that large population – state need more power than small states and New Jersey plan opposed it and proposed a plan which would give both large and small states alike equal representation in the national government. The point of a compromises was in the legislative branch and after many debates Roger Sherman finally come up with a suggestion which satisfied both sides and it was bicameral congress with House of representative based on the size of the population and senate based on the state of one vote. Next very difficult argument was regarding slavery. South who had more numbers of slaves wanted them to be included in the overall figures for the House of representative that was based on size of the population. North disagreed with this plan as they had less numbers of slaves. The compromise was based on that each slave would count as 3/5s of a person. Throughout the era of the Revolution, Americans had desire to spread and control the entire North American continent. For many years American national land policy mostly was beneficial for large companies than individual settlers. Land companies hoped to buy real estate and then by reselling those lands to the settlers. They wanted government to step aside and allow them to take control in order to help to develop West’s economy. Meanwhile settlers felt that spirit of American freedom that gives them right to take over Western lands as well. By 1800 nearly 400000 Americans occupied land on the west of Appalachian Mountains and this number was much higher than the number of Indians. The westward expansion become more feasible after the Louisiana Purchase made by President Jefferson from France in 1803- it doubled the territory of United States and many people migrate west to search for a better economic opportunities. American understanding of freedom has been changed but as whole country it was far from being a truly integrated nation. The change came after the second war for Independence of 1812 which inspired national pride and help the nation to unite. The change also happened because of westward movement of population, and finally the spread of the market revolution. By 1850 the American territories
Federalists supported the idea of one central government but Anti-Federalists opposed ratification. They argued that the republic had to be small and warned that the Constitution would result in a government of oppression. They were afraid that Constitution will not guarantee the rights of ordinary people. They pointed on the luck of a Bill of Rights in the Constitution which makes Americans unprotected of basic rights such us freedom of speech. In order for a final constitution to be proposed, a series of compromises were needed to be done. There were two main questions to address the representation question and the slavery question. So the first compromise that needed to be done was a Great Compromise, addressing the disagreement between the Virginia and New Jersey plans. Virginia plan was based on the idea that large population – state need more power than small states and New Jersey plan opposed it and proposed a plan which would give both large and small states alike equal representation in the national government. The point of a compromises was in the legislative branch and after many debates Roger Sherman finally come up with a suggestion which satisfied both sides and it was bicameral congress with House of representative based on the size of the population and senate based on the state of one vote. Next very difficult argument was regarding slavery. South who had more numbers of slaves wanted them to be included in the overall figures for the House of representative that was based on size of the population. North disagreed with this plan as they had less numbers of slaves. The compromise was based on that each slave would count as 3/5s of a person. Throughout the era of the Revolution, Americans had desire to spread and control the entire North American continent. For many years American national land policy mostly was beneficial for large companies than individual settlers. Land companies hoped to buy real estate and then by reselling those lands to the settlers. They wanted government to step aside and allow them to take control in order to help to develop West’s economy. Meanwhile settlers felt that spirit of American freedom that gives them right to take over Western lands as well. By 1800 nearly 400000 Americans occupied land on the west of Appalachian Mountains and this number was much higher than the number of Indians. The westward expansion become more feasible after the Louisiana Purchase made by President Jefferson from France in 1803- it doubled the territory of United States and many people migrate west to search for a better economic opportunities. American understanding of freedom has been changed but as whole country it was far from being a truly integrated nation. The change came after the second war for Independence of 1812 which inspired national pride and help the nation to unite. The change also happened because of westward movement of population, and finally the spread of the market revolution. By 1850 the American territories