Compulsory Voting

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Other studies have included controlling variables like culture. That being said electoral systems seem to have the upper hand. The United States is a great model here as it is very diverse. In recent years, semi-proportional election are occurring for local elections. On the other hand plurality elections are not as competitive as proportional elections. (Bowler, S., Brockington, D., & Donovan, T., 2001)
Voting costs in the United States. It is not always just money. Anyone who wants to vote must register to vote. Voting booths are only in certain places so, there is the traveling cost. The waiting line is likely to be very high. That costs time. Cost is time. At least in terms of reducing the cost of time, recent reforms like absentee voting
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We tend to vote in a national election in a higher rate than in a local election. The tendency of some to conform to a social norm affects turnout rate. Alternative voting methods like early voting affect the turnout rate. Internet usage at least in the long term has the potential to affect the turnout rate in an election. The greater life satisfaction a person has in the United States, the more likely it is the person will vote, although this characteristic is sorely applicable here in the United States and not elsewhere. Compulsory voting or a requirement for citizens to vote in an election seemed to increase turnout tremendously as other countries have demonstrated, although this method is not implemented neither in federal nor state level as of now. Union membership affects the turnout rate, especially for the Democratic Party in the United States. Special districts do not allow non-property owners to vote for special district elections. Language minority voters received certain accommodations in the Civil Right Act of 1965’s revision in 1975 to combat any discrimination they previously faced. There seems to be a turnout differences between safe states and battleground states when the overall election is a landslide v. too close to call. City size affect turnout rate. Local news outlets may affect the turnout rate through their coverage of the election. Racial differences exist in terms of turnout rates. Roles of anger and anxiety are measurable in terms of turnout rate in the United States of America. The effects of laws like Help Americans Vote Act (HAVA) is too early to call. Election systems affect turnout rate. The cost of voting affects turnout rate. The efforts of getting out the vote efforts in local elections may help the turnout rate. The State of Oregon 's vote by mail experiment seems to get to a core of the issue. Voting by mail and

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