• Home Page
  • Granulocytic Differentiation Of HL-60 Cells

Granulocytic Differentiation Of HL-60 Cells

Improved Essays
Show More
HL-60 cells were derived from the blood cell of a patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia, which proliferates continuously. They are immortal cells, until they induce differentiation using chemical reagents such as retinoic acid. After differentiation, they are no longer immortal. Retinoic acid is derived from Vitamin A, and can induce granulocytes. We are going to test whether exposure of longer time to retinoic acid will induce greater percent of granulocytic differentiation. To test viability, we are going to use trypan blue and then we are going to perform May-Grunwald Staining Protocol to view cells morphologically. We found out that percentage of differentiation is directly related to the exposure of time. Retionic acid is involved …show more content…
HL-60 cells are multipotent, which means that they are able to form multiple cell types but are restricted to a specific lineage (Cirtain et al., 2016). HL- 60 cell line has been used as an in vitro system for studying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the proliferation and differentiation of normal and leukemic cells of the hematopoietic, or white blood cell lineage (Xie et al., 1998). HL-60 cells are invaluable as they are easy to maintain, differentiate and can be used to investigate cell development, or gene expression. HL-60 cells can be used to induce differentiation via signal transduction into monocytes, granulocytes, and lymphocytes using various chemical agents (Cirtain et al., 2016). HL-60 cells are also used to test differentiation by viewing the cell morphology and apoptosis. After differentiation, HL-60 cells are no longer immortal and undergo an apoptosis. Apoptosis is a naturally occurring programmed cell death (Cirtain et al., …show more content…
We are going to test this differentiation by viewing morphological changes. We hypothesize that granulocytic differentiation for HL-60 cells is higher for the cells that ate exposed for longer time to retinoic acid as concluded and previously researched by Breitman et al (1980). We also expect that HL-60 cells will not differentiate if they are not exposed to retinoic acid. The null hypothesis is that there is no difference in granulocytic differentiation among different exposure

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Cancer Stem Cell Research Essay
    • 1133 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Cancer Stem Cell Research Essay

    Cancer stem cells are responsible for tumor initiation, progression, relapse, metastasis, and drug resistance. (Kim & Kahn, 2014) 4. Cancer arises from cells in which cell-cycle checkpoints have failed, which occurs from either defects in proteins required for cell grow-activating them when they shouldn’t be. Also…

    • 1133 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Great Essays

    The Health Benefits Of Stem Cells
    • 1784 Words
    • 8 Pages

    The Health Benefits Of Stem Cells

    Dawson (2012) found that “In primary human MLL-translocated leukemia cells, BET [bromodomain and extraterminal proteins] inhibition dramatically reduced the clonogenic capacity of the leukemia stem-cell compartment, suggesting that disease eradication may be possible” (pg 655). Bromodomain and extraterminal proteins are a family of proteins that influence gene expression, cell-cycle regulation, and development. A melanoma is a cancer of the melanocytes. These are the cells that make myelin (this pigment gives skin its color). Most melanomas form on the skin, but they can also be found in other pigmented tissues, such as the eye.…

    • 1784 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
    Read More
  • Great Essays

    Stem Cell Importance
    • 1517 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Stem Cell Importance

    Unlike muscle, blood, or nerve cells, which do not normally replicate themselves, stem cells can divide and renew themselves(Unique Properties of Stem Cells). A second unique property t describe stem cells is differentiation, which is the process in which unspecialized stem cells can give rise to specialized cells. Scientists have just begun to understand the signals inside and out that trigger the differentiation(Unique Properties of Stem Cells). A number of experiments over the last couple years have made scientists think that stem cells from one tissue may be able to give rise cell types of an entirely different tissues Examples of such plasticity, which is the third unique property, include blood cells becoming neurons (nerve cells), liver cells that can be made to produce insulin, and hematopoietic stem cells that can…

    • 1517 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Apoptosis Research Paper
    • 773 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Apoptosis Research Paper

    To begin, a protein kinase inhibitory drug, staurosporine, can induce apoptosis in mammalian cells and it can also induce like features in L. major. This draws an important connection between unicellular eukaryotes and mammalian cells because multicellularity emerged after unicellular eukaryotes thus this means that the multicellular eukaryotes must have inherited their apoptosis functions from their unicellular eukaryotic ancestors. Some features of the programmed cell death that are expressed by L. major cells during the process is cell shrinkage, phosphatidyl serine exposure on the cell surface, mitochondrial transmembrane potential disruption and the degradation of the cell’s DNA. Other drugs — UV treatment, heat shock, etc.— that typically induce apoptosis in mammalian cells can also get similar results from L. major. This goes…

    • 773 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Superior Essays

    Computationally Validation Of Transcriptional Drivers And Therapeutic Combinations In CRPC
    • 1661 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Computationally Validation Of Transcriptional Drivers And Therapeutic Combinations In CRPC

    For this, we will utilize mouse (NKP) as well as human castration-resistant (e.g., CWR-R1, C4-2, C4-2AT6, PC3, DU145) (citation)cell lines. We will perform shRNA-mediated silencing of the activated MRs by lentiviral infection(citation), which will be confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR at 48 hours. To analyze ability of MRs to abrogate castration-resistance, we will perform analyses of cellular proliferation, using BrdU incorporation and Ki67 staining, colony formation essays and invasion essays after silencing. As a control, we will silence 3-5 genes that are neither differentially expressed nor differentially active in castration-resistant tumors and are not regulated by any MR. Conversely, MRs whose activity decreases in castration-resistant state will be tested in over-expression essays using lentiviral cDNA expression…

    • 1661 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Pyramidal CA1 Neurons
    • 1222 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Pyramidal CA1 Neurons

    This also highlights the necessity to know every transcript in the cell. We also know that not all gene expression is compensated for, specifically synaptic plasticity. This thrives on heterogenous features. Recent work highlights the diversity of neurons and within this diversity, the unique role some neurons play in behavior over other others. The power of the study above and in this proposal lies in the use of a small model organism (Drosophila melanogaster) with a well-defined behavioral assay (aversive olfactory long-term memory (LTM)) and identified neural circuitry underlying this behavior (olfactory pathway-see Fig.…

    • 1222 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Great Essays

    Cancer Immunotherapy Research Paper
    • 1172 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Cancer Immunotherapy Research Paper

    Tumor cells often take advantage of these mechanisms by using immunological brakes or checkpoints to escape the immune system. Cytotoxic T -lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and Programmed death 1 (PD-1) are targets for cancer treatment. CTLA-4 is a protein found on surface of T cells that binds to B7 family molecules expressed by dendritic cells through an inhibitory pathway, thus preventing CD28 from binding to B7 (Pardoll 2012). This pathway leads to suppression of T cell activation freeing cancer cells from immunosurveilance. Researchers have developed monoclonal antibodies (drugs) for CTLA-4 to activate the CD28/B7 T cell activation and elicit an immune response against tumors (Alegre & Fallarino 2006).…

    • 1172 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Structural Biology Reflection
    • 1169 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Structural Biology Reflection

    I found that hS100A7 and its analogs are highly up-regulated in psoriatic keratinocytes, and there is evidence of hS100A7 being up-regulated in some invasive carcinomas but further studies are needed before a definite conclusion can be made. I conducted the purification of the protein under the guidance of Dr. Raquel Ruiz and involved expression tests at different concentrations of the inducing agent IPTG, large-scale growth of BL21-DE3 E. coli cells that over-express hS100A7, utilizing fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) with immobilized metal ion affinity and size exclusion columns, and ultimately using the purified protein product in setting up crystallization screens. I was unable to obtain any crystals of hS100A7 due to the usage of the protease inhibitor cocktail AEBSF after cell lysis, which is known to interfere with protein crystallization. The next steps after storage of the frozen protein are to remove any endotoxins in the protein solution in order to be used in in vivo drug…

    • 1169 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Cancer Cells Case Study Answers
    • 853 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Cancer Cells Case Study Answers

    (1) Cancerous tumors are distinguished by cell division, which is no longer controlled by a normal tissue. The normal cells stop dividing when they come into contact with like cells,a mechanism known as “contact inhibition".Cancerous cells lose their ability . The concept of chemotherapy is to kill cancer cells and it depends on its ability to hold cell division. Usually, cancer drugs work by damaging the RNA or DNA that basically tells the cell how to replicate or copy itself in cell division. If the cancer cells don’t divide on time, they die.…

    • 853 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More
  • Improved Essays

    Stem Cells Revolutionize Medicine
    • 1178 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Stem Cells Revolutionize Medicine

    Unspecialized cells either become tissue or organs. These cells can also replace worn out or damaged tissues. The last unique property researched is that the stem cells can give rise to specialized cells. The process of differentiation can happen with these cells. Differentiation is where unspecialized embryonic cells receive features of specialized cells.…

    • 1178 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
    Read More

Related Topics

Ready To Get Started?
Discover
Company
Follow
©2023 Cram.com
Privacy Policy |  CA Privacy Policy |  Site Map |  Advertise  | 
  • Cookie Settings