Measuring leadership and management performance is just like a precursor to leadership and management development (Gold, Thorpe and Mumford, 2010). Leadership and management can be developed more effectively and successfully after comprehensive analysis and measures of leadership and management performance. Leadership and management performance refers to achievements and effect which is from leadership and management activities, and it is an integration of ability, quality, decision-making and other aspects of leadership and management. An excellent leadership and management should integrate these part below: manage and lead people, manage relationship, activities, quality, information, resources and self, think strategically and lead direction and culture (Perren and Burgoyne, 2002). These all can be standard to measure leadership and management performance. Leadership and management are special kinds of complex social activities, and they involve all aspects of factors and is subject to a variety of conditions, which determine the leadership and management performance is a highly integrated complex system. It is the process that leaders and manager perform duty and complete the task, and it indicates leadership and management …show more content…
Human capital has become the key factors of organisational performance, In the organisation operation, the knowledge and skills of employees increase productivity for the organisation. Moreover, determinants of organisational performance should be multifaceted. It is not only affected by external factors such as competition, the organisational structure, but also influenced by the degree of the efforts of the organisational human capital owners and the size of human capital