Several factors play into the comparison of the UCR and NIBRS. You must consider the factual differences, non-uniform reporting practices, and reporting errors (Rantala, Ramona, R., 2000, p 9). The factual differences between the two data sources include the expansion of the hotel rule and modified or restructured crime definitions in NIBRS, and the use of the hierarchy rule in the UCR (Rantala, Ramona, R., 2000, p 9). By the design it seems as if NIBRS have an upper hand on UCR by measuring the different aspects of crime, giving the statistics on each type of crime within every incident, and less reporting errors (Rantala, Ramona, R., 2000, p 9). The FBI published a series of topical studies (“Juvenile Female Crime: A Special Study” appeared
