Psychoanalysis and Humanism
The study of psychology is defined as an academic discipline characterised by a variety of explanations and perspectives regarding human behaviour. The following essay will be focusing primarily on two of these various perspectives, namely psychoanalysis and humanism and provide a detailed explanation on the origins, classifications and various characteristics of these perspectives. Psychoanalysis is an insight therapy that encourages the resurfacing of the client’s unconscious conflicts, motives and defences through methods such as free association and transference. (Weiten, W. (2013). Psychology: Themes and Variations. (9th Ed.). Las Vegas: John David Hague). Humanism is defined as the theoretical orientation that …show more content…
The aspects of the study of psychoanalysis were brought about by key proponents, namely Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. Frued’s approach to psychoanalysis grew out of his desired attempts to treat mental disorders. During the period of 1894 – 1900, Freud went through a period of what was later to be known as his period of “creative illness”. It was in this period of time in which he analysed his own psychological disturbances and emerged with the basic elements of his psychoanalytic theory. Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist who developed an association with Freud but later split regarding conflicts over the psychoanalytic theory. He thereafter founded his own school of psychoanalytic though. Alfred Adler contributed a variety of research to psychology and became a prominent and influential individual in society e to his intuitive and common sense regarding human life. The key proponents regarding the study of humanism were prominent individuals in society such as Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow and Erich Fromm. The views of Carl Rogers were conflicting to the teachings of the Freudian theory as he based his research on the personal experiences of humans as opposed to their drives and instincts. Abraham Maslow based his research on the concepts of Self-actualisation, Human growth and human orientation. The proponent Erich Fromm …show more content…
As life moves towards death, these fears show up in our personality traits as destructiveness. Freud classified the mind into the Id (controls what a person desires to do), the ego (controls what an individual is capable of doing) and the superego (controls the logical reasoning of our personality). Freud formulated the fact that not only do we as humans remember the painful experiences from the past but we are also strongly affected by them. During his research he concluded that his patients, “Cannot escape from the past and neglect present reality in its favour. This fixation of the mental life on the pathogenic traumata is an essential and practically the most significant characteristic of the neurosis.” (Freud. S, 910. P.187). Freud conclude that we as humans use many techniques to protect the ego such as denial, projection, reaction formation, transference, isolation, regression and repression. Carl Jung based his research on the concept of individuation,(journey of the soul) This theory is based on the fact that our actions in life are due to our desire for the achievement of wholeness. With regards to humanism, Carl Rogers formulated that a form of conflict between what you truly value in yourself and what you earn about other people’s evaluation of
The study of psychology is defined as an academic discipline characterised by a variety of explanations and perspectives regarding human behaviour. The following essay will be focusing primarily on two of these various perspectives, namely psychoanalysis and humanism and provide a detailed explanation on the origins, classifications and various characteristics of these perspectives. Psychoanalysis is an insight therapy that encourages the resurfacing of the client’s unconscious conflicts, motives and defences through methods such as free association and transference. (Weiten, W. (2013). Psychology: Themes and Variations. (9th Ed.). Las Vegas: John David Hague). Humanism is defined as the theoretical orientation that …show more content…
The aspects of the study of psychoanalysis were brought about by key proponents, namely Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. Frued’s approach to psychoanalysis grew out of his desired attempts to treat mental disorders. During the period of 1894 – 1900, Freud went through a period of what was later to be known as his period of “creative illness”. It was in this period of time in which he analysed his own psychological disturbances and emerged with the basic elements of his psychoanalytic theory. Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist who developed an association with Freud but later split regarding conflicts over the psychoanalytic theory. He thereafter founded his own school of psychoanalytic though. Alfred Adler contributed a variety of research to psychology and became a prominent and influential individual in society e to his intuitive and common sense regarding human life. The key proponents regarding the study of humanism were prominent individuals in society such as Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow and Erich Fromm. The views of Carl Rogers were conflicting to the teachings of the Freudian theory as he based his research on the personal experiences of humans as opposed to their drives and instincts. Abraham Maslow based his research on the concepts of Self-actualisation, Human growth and human orientation. The proponent Erich Fromm …show more content…
As life moves towards death, these fears show up in our personality traits as destructiveness. Freud classified the mind into the Id (controls what a person desires to do), the ego (controls what an individual is capable of doing) and the superego (controls the logical reasoning of our personality). Freud formulated the fact that not only do we as humans remember the painful experiences from the past but we are also strongly affected by them. During his research he concluded that his patients, “Cannot escape from the past and neglect present reality in its favour. This fixation of the mental life on the pathogenic traumata is an essential and practically the most significant characteristic of the neurosis.” (Freud. S, 910. P.187). Freud conclude that we as humans use many techniques to protect the ego such as denial, projection, reaction formation, transference, isolation, regression and repression. Carl Jung based his research on the concept of individuation,(journey of the soul) This theory is based on the fact that our actions in life are due to our desire for the achievement of wholeness. With regards to humanism, Carl Rogers formulated that a form of conflict between what you truly value in yourself and what you earn about other people’s evaluation of