Community policing has had its fair share of doubts regarding its effectiveness, whether it really deters crimes or not. There are critics (Weatheritt, 1983; McDonald, 1993; Joseph 1994) who all claimed that it is extremely difficult to prove and evaluate the true effectiveness of community policing. In New York City for example, since the implementation of a more community based policing in the 1990s, there was a huge decrease of homicides and crimes in general, but skeptics argue that other factors such as the improvement of the U.S economy, decline of drug use, specifically crack cocaine, and the reduction of crime prone-male population were the reasons for the decline of crime. There were also a explosion of new officers deployed onto the
