Development concept has been emerged since the enlightenment age as a number of social scientists did some research and came up with interesting concepts. However, the idea of development was not still known widely. As result of the devastating effect of World Word II, powerful countries consulted together to find the solution to recover the impact of this war. After the successful reconstruction, those countries drew attention to poor countries to assist them to develop. Therefore, modernization theory and dependency theory were conceptualized respectively. This essay will explain the emergence of modernization theory which stemmed from the global goal to stabilize economy as well as some strengths related to aid donation and weaknesses particularly
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However, there are some weaknesses of dependency theory including the lack of consideration of extra-factors particularly the dictatorship and the influence of elites in peripheral countries and provision of straightforward strategy to deal with the weakness of modernization theory. It is obvious that this theory mainly blames classical model by stating that global system destroys economic systems in developing countries. However, external factors are not only development barriers because some nations such as South Korea and Taiwan can foster their economies based on the policy of global market. It was argued that the problem stemmed from the internal polices of the peripheral countries (Mckay, 2016, pp. 51). It can argue that the corruption and elite within countries are direct result of colonialization. Apart from this weakness, dependency theory is also not highlighted clear options to mitigate the modernization oriented concept. In relation the fact that dependency theorist basically advocated that peripheral countries remove themselves from the influence of the core countries. However, mechanism how exactly do that remained unclear. One recommendation is from Furtado (1969), it is suggested that institutional arrangements, of political power and of relationship with the outside world need in an overhaul as well as new technologies must be developed internally (as cited in McKay, 2016, pp. 61). From this recommendation, it is not practical because it is difficult to reform economic activities as a combination of reasons such as small scale internal markets to sell products (Ferraro, 2008, pp.
However, there are some weaknesses of dependency theory including the lack of consideration of extra-factors particularly the dictatorship and the influence of elites in peripheral countries and provision of straightforward strategy to deal with the weakness of modernization theory. It is obvious that this theory mainly blames classical model by stating that global system destroys economic systems in developing countries. However, external factors are not only development barriers because some nations such as South Korea and Taiwan can foster their economies based on the policy of global market. It was argued that the problem stemmed from the internal polices of the peripheral countries (Mckay, 2016, pp. 51). It can argue that the corruption and elite within countries are direct result of colonialization. Apart from this weakness, dependency theory is also not highlighted clear options to mitigate the modernization oriented concept. In relation the fact that dependency theorist basically advocated that peripheral countries remove themselves from the influence of the core countries. However, mechanism how exactly do that remained unclear. One recommendation is from Furtado (1969), it is suggested that institutional arrangements, of political power and of relationship with the outside world need in an overhaul as well as new technologies must be developed internally (as cited in McKay, 2016, pp. 61). From this recommendation, it is not practical because it is difficult to reform economic activities as a combination of reasons such as small scale internal markets to sell products (Ferraro, 2008, pp.