Social capital is defined as “the degree of positive relationships with others and with social institutions that individuals build up over the course of their lives” (Schmallenger p. 203). “Perceived collective efficacy is defined as a group’s shared belief in its conjoint capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given levels of attainments” (Bandura). Social capital and collective efficacy are similar ideas in that they focus on relationships between groups of people over periods of time. Positive collective efficacy and social capital have the potential to create positive results. In contrast, social capital focuses primarily on the degree of positivity those relationships hold. Collective efficacy
