Periodontitis(PD), is an inflammatory disorder of tooth-supporting structures, which initiates loss of periodontal supporting tissues, with tooth mobility increasing and finally tooth loss(1). Furthermore, it is characterized by the periodontal pocket formation and recession of the gingiva. The hallmark clinical feature of established PD is clinical attachment loss(CAL) (2) (3).
Chronic periodontitis(CP) is a gingivitis pathological development, which, in contrast, is a reversible inflammation in response to intraoral plaque microorganisms that is restricted entirely to the gingival soft tissues without CAL observed. Clinically, CP is different from other less common PD such as Aggressive periodontitis (4). PD is the main cause of tooth loss …show more content…
The common parameters that are presently used to assess the presence, distribution and severity of periodontal diseases, both in the clinical situation and in the field of research are probing pocket depth (PPD), (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI). In addition to the clinical signs of periodontal diseases the radiographic findings also shed light on the extent and severity of the disease (7).
These parameters give of past periodontal collapsing assessment rather than revealing current disease activity, and are of limited information on treatment options, prognosis, and future progression (8).
• Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis
Periodontitis is a multi-factorial disease, initiated by a complicated interplay of environmental, plaque bacterial infection and host response, where disease induction is pathogenic species colonization within tissues. Next, bacteria invades or its pathogenic products the periodontal tissues, so that, periodontal tissues start to interact with bacteria or their pathogenic products, that induce tissue damage (9).
Mouth is a warm and moist environment, which is suitable for growth of microorganisms. The mouth is the only site in the human body that normally offers non-shedding surfaces for bacterial colonization; this activates development of thick biofilms, principally
Chronic periodontitis(CP) is a gingivitis pathological development, which, in contrast, is a reversible inflammation in response to intraoral plaque microorganisms that is restricted entirely to the gingival soft tissues without CAL observed. Clinically, CP is different from other less common PD such as Aggressive periodontitis (4). PD is the main cause of tooth loss …show more content…
The common parameters that are presently used to assess the presence, distribution and severity of periodontal diseases, both in the clinical situation and in the field of research are probing pocket depth (PPD), (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI). In addition to the clinical signs of periodontal diseases the radiographic findings also shed light on the extent and severity of the disease (7).
These parameters give of past periodontal collapsing assessment rather than revealing current disease activity, and are of limited information on treatment options, prognosis, and future progression (8).
• Etiology and pathogenesis of periodontitis
Periodontitis is a multi-factorial disease, initiated by a complicated interplay of environmental, plaque bacterial infection and host response, where disease induction is pathogenic species colonization within tissues. Next, bacteria invades or its pathogenic products the periodontal tissues, so that, periodontal tissues start to interact with bacteria or their pathogenic products, that induce tissue damage (9).
Mouth is a warm and moist environment, which is suitable for growth of microorganisms. The mouth is the only site in the human body that normally offers non-shedding surfaces for bacterial colonization; this activates development of thick biofilms, principally