Chemical Aspects Of Digestion Lab Report: Pancreatic Lipase

Brilliant Essays
Chemical Aspects of Digestion Lab Report

By Abdulelah Almutairi

Animal Form and Function Lab, 03, 12:30 PM
Instructor: Melanie Gustafso-Ropski – Lab Assistant: Corinna
Monday March 9,2015

1.
Part A
• The enzyme used in this experiment is pancreatic lipase. The substrate for pancreatic lipase is lipids or triglycerides. Hydrolysis of triglycerides occurs in the duodenum and the PH rages are from 7.1 to 8.2.
• Phenol red was used as a PH indicator of the samples. if the sample is an acid then a yellow color is appeared, if the sample is alkaline then a red color will appeared. if the sample is neutral, it will be orange or if the sample is alkaline and has a PH of 10 or less, then it will have a pink color.

Table 1 - Result of Lipid Digestion with
…show more content…
2. The six major constituents of bile from highest to lowest are bile salt, phospholipids, cholesterol, bilirubin, inorganic salts, and metals. (Farina-2009) Bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. One of the functions of bile salts is to break the fats into smaller masses for easier digestion. (Taylor-2013)

3. Heating an enzyme makes the hydrogen bonds to break from its three-dimensional shape. Then the enzyme can’t function because it needs to be in a specific shape in order to work. By placing the enzyme in ice bath as we did with tube 17, the activity of the enzyme drops and the molecular motion decreases. If the temperature rise between 40 C and 50 C, the activity of the enzyme will increase.

4. The four proteases we used are, chymotrypsinogen, trypsinogen, procarboxypeptidase, and pepsinogen. The name of zymogens for each protease in order is chymotrypsin, trypsin, carboxypeptidase, and pepsin. Chymotrypsin and trypsin are activated by enteropeptidase.

5. BOLUS is a round mass of food ready to swallow.

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Discussion In this study, the Catechol enzyme was studied under the conditions of varying pH, temperature, substrate concentration, and enzyme concentration. In Figure 1, the data suggested that the trend was neither directly nor inversely proportional, but the highest activity rate was at 24°C. Most enzymes denatured at higher temperatures of approximately 40°C, which led to the inability to see any color change (Helms et al., 1998). At lower temperatures, the enzyme was somewhat efficient because molecules move slower at lower temperatures, so enzymes lost productivity.…

    • 753 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    74-75) explained that an integral factor in enzymatic digestion is the pH of individual sections of the digestive tract. The highly acidic pH of the stomach’s gastric juice is needed to not only prevent bacterial growth, but to create an optimal environment for it’s enzymes to digest the food (now chyme) received through the cardioesophageal sphincter. The small intestine cannot handle such high pH, therefore when the stomach releases chyme into the small intestines, a signal is sent to the pancreas to release an alkaline substance called “sodium bicarbonate” to neutralize the chime’s acidic pH. Once neutralized, enzyme-rich pancreatic juices (neutral pH) work together with the enzymes of the cells found in the intestinal wall to facilitate digestion of the “three energy nutrients”. Bile (neutral pH) is secreted into the duodenum from the gallbladder (or liver-if someone is without the gallbladder) to emulsify fat for later absorption.…

    • 722 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The purpose of conducting this experiment was to explore how different factors affect the reaction rate of enzymes reacting with their corresponding substrates in order to learn more about how enzymes function in different environments. The independent variables investigated in this experiment were the concentration of different substrates, the temperature of the environment, and the effect of a catalyst on the reaction rate. The dependent variable for all of the investigations was the time it took for the reaction to occur. To investigate the effect of the concentration of the substrate on the reaction time, four test tubes were used.…

    • 1027 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Amylase Experiment

    • 1123 Words
    • 5 Pages

    By adding more temperatures, the results become more precise as to what temperature amylase denatures at, and what temperature is the most efficient for amylase. Variations that differ from the variables in this experiment could be the effect of pH levels on enzyme activity, which would show the best pH levels for amylase to be most efficient and whether it works best at low, medium or high pH levels. The concentration of amylase would also be a variation that would show whether amylase works faster if there is more of it or not. If all of these variations were done, it would show in what conditions amylase works best at, and if the human body fits those conditions or…

    • 1123 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    State the optimum pH for sucrase activity and describe how sucrase activity changes at more acidic and more alkaline pH values. Table 2: Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity Optical Density 10 °CC (50 °F) 20 °C (68 °F) 30 °C (86 °F) 40 °C (104 °F) 50 °C (122 °F) 60 °C (140 °F) 70 °C (158 °F) 1 0.006 0.273 0.791 0.940 0.927 0.807 0.613 2 0.010 0.285 0.761 0.954 0.934 0.846 0.604 3 0.009 0.255 0.773 0.941 0.907 0.845 0.642 average 0.008 0.271 0.775 0.945 0.923 0.833 0.620 Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity 2. Was the rate of increase of sucrase activity higher at a pH of 8.5 or a pH of 5.5?…

    • 1040 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    In most cases, a chemical reaction is able to occur in more than one way; enzyme kinetics studies the effect of how biological catalysts can influence biochemical reactions. Enzymes play an important role in regulating metabolic pathways in the human body and without enzymes they will not function efficiently. The rate of a reaction is enhanced by enzyme activity which provides alternate pathways for the reaction to proceed by.…

    • 177 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jello-O Enzyme Lab

    • 581 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Enzymes are protein molecules that significantly speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical reactions that take place within the cell. In the following lab was to examine an enzyme that is found in pineapples. That enzyme is bromelain its breaks down protein into their protein into their amino acid by a process of hydrolysis. They are found in tropical areas like Hawaii, Thailand, and Brazil. For the first experiment the hypothesis was that the when gelatin was added to the water, fresh pineapple juice, and canned pineapple juice and submerged into the ice chest the solutions would turn into Jell-O.…

    • 581 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    1.Introduction: Background/Aim. 1.1 Nature of the microorganism: Enterococcus faecalis was placed under group D streptococci because of similar lysis characters; Identified as Gram positive, non-motile, anaerobic fermentative, lactic acid bacteria; are commensal inhabitant of intestinal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. They occur singly or in pairs or chains. 1.2 Economic importance: Enterococcus faecalis is also used as a probiotic for production of Mediterranean cheese and meat products that is normally responsible for organoleptic nature of final product in fermentation reactions. 1.3 Habitat: Enterococci are extremely hardy microbes such that they are able to inhabit at wide range of temperatures (10°and 45°C), pH values (4•6 and…

    • 1058 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Amylase Biology Lab Report

    • 2820 Words
    • 12 Pages

    This same procedure was reiterated with the fungal amylase. Samples were obtained and placed in spaces on a clean spot plate where each…

    • 2820 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Digestion Research Paper

    • 443 Words
    • 2 Pages

    and it is stored in the gallbladder. The gallbladder sends the bile to the duodenum which helps the bile be emulsified. The next stage is absorption which occurs after the food has been digested through the stomach to the small intestines. The digested food is absorbed through the jejunum and ileum of small intestines. The final stage is elimination which is the excretion of the waste…

    • 443 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    For pH, it was hypothesized that the optimal pH would be 7. As temperature was increased, the enzyme activity also increased. Because temperature is the measure of kinetic energy, an increase in temperature would cause an increase in kinetic energy. This means that particles are moving quickly with high entropy, which causes more collisions to happen. Due to this, there is a higher probability of substrates colliding with enzymes, thus making the reaction occur.…

    • 1717 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Catalase Test Lab Report

    • 654 Words
    • 3 Pages

    During the first lab period, The gram stain show that the unknown bacteria was a gram neative rod shaped microbe. After this step was established, this next part was to select the best tests and mediums to determine the unknown bacteria. This medium are use to test the metabolic characteristics of the unknown bacteria. In order to identify the unknown bacteria from other bacterias the following medium was used: MSA plate, SIM plate, nitrate reduction test Nutrient gelatin and Urease broth. For Metabolic tests, only Catalase test were performed on the unknown bacteria.…

    • 654 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an oxidoreductase found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. LDH catalyses the formation of lactate and NAD+ from pyruvate and NADH, during the last step of anaerobic glycolysis. The reaction is also catalysed in the other direction by LDH during the Cori cycle. This reaction can be assayed using spectrophotometric techniques; peak absorbance of NADH is at 340nm, but the peak absorbance of NAD+ is 259nm (Powers, et al., 2007). Enzyme assays are performed to measure the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction, known as the enzyme activity.…

    • 1627 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Abstract The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether the temperature can affect the reaction rate of enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was measured by five different temperatures, separated in tubes which later got measured by their height of foam after 10 minutes. Freshly-prepared potato juice was used as the enzyme for catalase. Since temperature is measured by the kinetic energy of molecules, the higher the temperature, the more movement of molecules.…

    • 805 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Starch Lab Report

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages

    In experiment 2.1, absorbance readings for both heated and unheated corn and tapioca starch were taken. For both starch’s the heated results came to be much higher then the un-heated as seen in Table 2.1. Iodine reacts with the amylose compound in starch where it gets trapped in the amylose coils and blue-ish colour is formed after the addition of Lugols reagent (Fennema and others 2008). The absorbance readings came out higher for heated corn starch because iodine had more amylose to react with. As corn-starch is heated gelatinization occurs where amylose is released since the starch granule is disrupted.…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays