In the middle of volume one, Elias examined the changes of behaviours in the manners books. In particular, he examined the change of behaviours at the table, attitudes towards the natural functions, blowing one’s nose, on spitting, and behaviours in the bedroom. In this specific order, he demonstrated how manners in the above areas gradually became more refined and controlled as time passed. As such, I will briefly illustrate some of Elias’s observations to highlight how manners shifted from the Middle Ages to the nineteenth
