Harpreet Kaur (100297319)
INTRODUCTION
Chagas disease is a zoonosis disease and is caused by a transmission of parasite T. cruzi through insect vectors triatomine bugs to humans. The fecal matter of triatomine bugs which are infected with parasite T. cruzi is the main mode of transmission of parasite to humans. The main species of vectors which are responsible for 80% cases of Chagas disease in endemic areas are Triatoma infestans, T. brasiliensis, T. dimidiate, T. soadida, and Rhodinus prolixus. The other modes of transmission of T. cruzi are blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and from infected pregnant mother to new born baby. Infection mainly occurs at night time when infected vector suck blood from exposed parts of the body and …show more content…
From July 2005 to June 2013 a study was conducted on 411 patients, and 97 of them are elder people with Chagas disease. In the study of 8 years, it is observed that the number of elder patients increased from 2 to 57 from beginning to the end of study. The data shows that there was a decrease in the development of new cases of Chagas disease in Brazil due to successful implementation of vector control programs. The reduction in the incidence reveals that new health care practices which are implemented do not have beneficial effects on the elder patients who are suffering from Chagas disease. This means that elder populations have some specific characteristics, so health professionals need to pay special attention to the health of elder Chagasic patients and evaluate health care programs. Elder people also need to be more careful and aware about Chagas disease because in older age Chagas disease is often confused with other diseases like dilated cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, heart disease by arterial hypertension and cancer of the esophagus. Moreover, in this study it is observed that the proportion of women who were suffering from Chagas disease is 50.5% which was slightly more than the elder man (49.5%). This indicates that it is very hard to diagonise Chagas disease in men. Therefore men need to be more careful about Chagas disease. (Pereira et.al, 2015ss).In reality, it is found that men are at major risk of …show more content…
cruzi parasite by various vectors. Therefore, the control of the vector population is considered only preventive measure for Chagas disease and it was thought that there is no need to form vaccine. However, only two vectors Triatoma infestans and Rhodinus prolixus can be effectively controlled and it is hard to have control on the rest of triatomine species. So, under these circumstances development of vaccines become obligatory for prevention of Chagas disease. However, the formation of vaccine is a great challenge for health professionals. First of all, there is always a fear of development of autoimmune disease from vaccination of Chagas disease instead of providing protection. Another issue of concern about vaccines is that vaccines may become unprotected against disease due to mutations or resistance in the parasite. Moreover, the chronic form of Chagas disease takes long time to develop so maintainance of efficacy of vaccine is another issue of concern. All in all, production , effectiveness and adverse effects of vaccines of Chagas disease is a great challenge for health practitioners ( Quijano-Hernandez et.al
INTRODUCTION
Chagas disease is a zoonosis disease and is caused by a transmission of parasite T. cruzi through insect vectors triatomine bugs to humans. The fecal matter of triatomine bugs which are infected with parasite T. cruzi is the main mode of transmission of parasite to humans. The main species of vectors which are responsible for 80% cases of Chagas disease in endemic areas are Triatoma infestans, T. brasiliensis, T. dimidiate, T. soadida, and Rhodinus prolixus. The other modes of transmission of T. cruzi are blood transfusion, organ transplantation, and from infected pregnant mother to new born baby. Infection mainly occurs at night time when infected vector suck blood from exposed parts of the body and …show more content…
From July 2005 to June 2013 a study was conducted on 411 patients, and 97 of them are elder people with Chagas disease. In the study of 8 years, it is observed that the number of elder patients increased from 2 to 57 from beginning to the end of study. The data shows that there was a decrease in the development of new cases of Chagas disease in Brazil due to successful implementation of vector control programs. The reduction in the incidence reveals that new health care practices which are implemented do not have beneficial effects on the elder patients who are suffering from Chagas disease. This means that elder populations have some specific characteristics, so health professionals need to pay special attention to the health of elder Chagasic patients and evaluate health care programs. Elder people also need to be more careful and aware about Chagas disease because in older age Chagas disease is often confused with other diseases like dilated cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, heart disease by arterial hypertension and cancer of the esophagus. Moreover, in this study it is observed that the proportion of women who were suffering from Chagas disease is 50.5% which was slightly more than the elder man (49.5%). This indicates that it is very hard to diagonise Chagas disease in men. Therefore men need to be more careful about Chagas disease. (Pereira et.al, 2015ss).In reality, it is found that men are at major risk of …show more content…
cruzi parasite by various vectors. Therefore, the control of the vector population is considered only preventive measure for Chagas disease and it was thought that there is no need to form vaccine. However, only two vectors Triatoma infestans and Rhodinus prolixus can be effectively controlled and it is hard to have control on the rest of triatomine species. So, under these circumstances development of vaccines become obligatory for prevention of Chagas disease. However, the formation of vaccine is a great challenge for health professionals. First of all, there is always a fear of development of autoimmune disease from vaccination of Chagas disease instead of providing protection. Another issue of concern about vaccines is that vaccines may become unprotected against disease due to mutations or resistance in the parasite. Moreover, the chronic form of Chagas disease takes long time to develop so maintainance of efficacy of vaccine is another issue of concern. All in all, production , effectiveness and adverse effects of vaccines of Chagas disease is a great challenge for health practitioners ( Quijano-Hernandez et.al