After obtaining ethical approval from the institutional review board and the hospital research ethics committee, informed consents were taken from all patients. Sixty patients between 20-40 years old, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) I-II, were included in the study at Saad Specialist Hospital, in the period between January 2014 and July 2015. Inclusion criteria for our study were as follows: emergency cesarean needing early delivery in the absence of maternal or fetal compromise (category 1) [9], well-functioning epidural catheter (required 2 or less intra-partum supplementation with bupivacaine 0.125%), and uncomplicated primigravida with singleton pregnancy ≥ 36 weeks gestation. Exclusion criteria included: multiple pregnancies, emergency cesarean delivery with maternal or fetal compromise (category 2 or 3) [9], a poorly functioning epidural catheter during the labor, if narcotics or alpha 2 agonist was given within the previous 4 h, intrapartum supplementation of epidural catheter less than 2 hours and if the parturient had pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, bleeding, liver impairment, renal impairment, diabetes mellitus or cardiac disease.
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An additional bolus of 5 mL 0.125% bupivacaine was supplemented when required aiming to have adequate analgesia up to T10
An additional bolus of 5 mL 0.125% bupivacaine was supplemented when required aiming to have adequate analgesia up to T10