Although the problems plaguing Smoketown and Smoke Valley are abundant and diverse, they can be reduced into major themes making them more digestible for policy analysts. There are systemic market and government failures coupled with a lack social consciousness over the effects of severe air pollution. One frame of reference is not sufficient to properly address each of the problems in the Smoketown scenario. Therefore, two, seemingly polar opposite frames, combined in order to offset the other’s weaknesses is the best frame of reference. They cannot work independently of each other, but in tandem they are able to produce a favorable outcome to a rather bleak and muddy situation. Information processing is a strong frame when fixing processes,
